A comparative analysis is presented for empirical topographic normalization of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data in varied forest and topographic settings. The paired study included rugged areas of Glacier National Park, Montana, Linville Gorge Wilderness, North Carolina, and Green Mountains, Vermont, U.S.A. Empirical models of topographic bias achieved significant corrections in the Montana an...

The topic of this paper contributes to understand the process of decision-making under uncertainty and complexity. The researcher’s main concern is to explain how decision-makers within uncertain and complex contexts make a decision. The methodology selected was Grounded Theory Methodology (GTM) which aims to develop a theory grounded in empirical data obtained in the research context.

After an initial peak, the number of synapses in mammalian cerebral cortex decreases in the formative period and throughout adult life. However, if synapses are taken to reflect circuit complexity, the issue arises of how to reconcile pruning with the increasing complexity of the representations acquired in successive stages of development. Taking these two conflicting requirements as an archit...

............................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4 The Grounded Theory Method..........................................................................

Topographic complexity is a key component of habitats that influences communities by modulating the interactions among individuals that drive population processes such as recruitment, competition, and predation. A broad range of disturbance agents affect biological communities indirectly through their modifications to habitat complexity. Individuals that best judge the threat of predation withi...

Dental topographic analysis is the quantitative assessment of shape of three-dimensional models of tooth crowns and component features. Molar topographic curvature, relief, and complexity correlate with aspects of feeding behavior in certain living primates, and have been employed to investigate dietary ecology in extant and extinct primate species. This study investigates whether dental topogr...

Topographically complex regions on land and in the oceans feature hotspots of biodiversity that reflect geological influences on ecological and evolutionary processes. Over geologic time, topographic diversity gradients wax and wane over millions of years, tracking tectonic or climatic history. Topographic diversity gradients from the present day and the past can result from the generation of s...

—In modern ecosystems, regions of topographic heterogeneity, when compared with nearby topographically homogeneous regions, support high species densities of mammals and other groups. This biogeographic pattern could be explained by either greater diversification rates or greater accommodation of species in topographically complex regions. In this context, we assess the hypothesis that changes ...

Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) is a well-known acronym in qualitative research. Nowadays, qualitative researchers are inclined to apply such software for various purposes. Critiques of the use of CAQDAS in qualitative research focus on the term “analysis”, claiming that that the tool does little to analyze data. According to these critiques, some users of CAQDAS a...

Use of the grounded theory research method (GTM) is increasing across many fields of inquiry. Understanding the GTM and how to apply it is therefore a key task for researchers examining the possibility of using this method in their research. Since its introduction by Glaser and Strauss in 1967, GTM has evolved into two major streams, and there has been a continual debate about the choice betwee...