introduction: aphasia is a common manifestation of stroke and evaluation of relationships of aphasia and brain topography could lead to better understanding of cognitive neurophysiology. methods: 100 stroke patients with aphasia admitted in valie-asr hospital, khorasan since april 2003 were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. diagnosis of stroke and aphasia was made by a neurolo...

Topographical cues, independent of biochemistry, generated by the extracellular matrix may have significant effects upon cellular behavior. Studies have documented that substratum topography has direct effects on the ability of cells to orient themselves, migrate, and produce organized cytoskeletal arrangements. Basement membranes are composed of extracellular matrix proteins and found througho...

SUMMARY We propose a two scale asymptotic method to compute the effective effect of a free surface topography varying much faster than the minimum wavelength for 2-D P-SV elastic wave propagation. The topography variation is assumed to be non-periodic but with a de-terministic description and, in the present paper, the elastic body below the topography is assumed to be homogeneous. Two asymptot...

Effects of tree species diversity on decomposition can operate via a multitude of mechanism, including alterations of microclimate by the forest canopy. Studying such effects in natural settings is complicated by the fact that topography also affects microclimate and thus decomposition, so that effects of diversity are more difficult to isolate. Here, we quantified decomposition rates of standa...

Many studies have examined the effects of surface topography on the settlement behaviour of marine organisms and this article reviews these investigations with more emphasis on the effects of topography scale. It has been observed that macro topographies (1-100 mm) are generally favoured by marine fouling taxa and are unsuitable for antifouling applications. This is because macro topographies a...