The complete genome of a foot-and-mouth disease type O virus originating from an epidemic in Greece in 1994 is reported. This virus belongs to the Middle East-South Asia topotype.

A field strain of the bluetongue virus serotype 1 (BTV-1) was isolated from infected sheep in Sardinia, Italy, in October 2013. The genome was sequenced using Ion Torrent technology. BTV-1 strain SAD2013 belongs to the Western topotype of BTV-1, clustering with BTV-1 strains isolated in Europe and northern Africa since 2006.

The complete genome sequence of a reassortant field strain of bluetongue virus serotype 16 (BTV-16), isolated from cattle in the Apulia region of Italy in 2002, has been determined by Illumina sequencing. Sequence comparisons of segment 1 (Seg-1) to Seg-10, except Seg-5, show that BTV-16 strain ITL2002 belongs to the major eastern topotype of BTV.

The complete genome sequence of Bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 17 strain 17/BRA/2014/73, isolated from a sheep in Brazil in 2014, is reported here. All segments clustered with western topotype strains and indicated reassortment events with other BTV from the Americas. The strain 17/BRA/2014/73 represents a novel reference strain for BTV-17 from South America.

The complete genome sequences of four foot-and-mouth disease viruses of South African territories 1 (SAT 1) serotype are reported. These viruses originate from an outbreak in Nigeria in 2015 and belong to the novel SAT 1 topotype X from the west and central African virus pool.

The complete genome sequence of a reassortant field strain (IND2014/01) of Bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 16, isolated from sheep from southern India in 2014, was sequenced. The total genome size was 19,186 bp. Sequence comparisons of all genome segments, except segment 5 (Seg-5), showed that IND2014/01 belonged to the major eastern topotype of BTV.

The genome of a virus isolated from an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Morocco in 2015 is described here. This virus is classified as lineage Ind-2001d within serotype O, topotype ME-SA (Middle East-South Asia). This lineage is endemic on the Indian subcontinent but has caused outbreaks in the Middle East and North Africa since 2013.

The complete genomes of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viruses recovered in Libya and Saudi Arabia in 2013 are described here. These viruses belong to an FMD virus lineage (Ind-2001, topotype Middle East-South Asia, serotype O) which is normally endemic in the Indian subcontinent. A contemporary virus sequence from Bhutan is also reported here.

PD50 của vắc xin Lở mồm long móng là chỉ số xác định liều kháng nguyên có hiệu quả bảo hộ được 50% vật nuôi tiêm chống lại sự công độc virus lực cao. Vắc 2 loại: tiêu chuẩn (>3PD50) và đáp ứng cao (>6PD50). >6PD50 ngoài khả năng tạo miễn dịch nhanh, mạnh kéo dài hơn so với >3PD50, còn thể nâng đối các chủng khác topotype. Nghiên cứu nhằm sánh ở heo loại >3PD50 >6PD50, dựa trên...

The taxonomic status of Kalophrynus menglienicus Yang & Su, 1980 was evaluated based on newly collected topotype specimens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this species should be assigned to the genus Micryletta Dubois, 1987. In addition, morphological diagnosis and descriptions specimens were provided.