this study was carried out to determine the effects of immunogen as a prebiotic on growth-related parameters and gut micro-flora in r. kutum fry. a basal diet was formulated using common feed ingredients supplemented with immunogen at 0, 1, 1.5, and 2 g kg-1 leading to four experimental diets.  fish were randomly distributed in 500 l fiberglass tanks (1×1×0.5 m). the experiment lasted for eight ...

transmission of human pathogens can be occurred via inert objects. paper currency is a further common contact surface whereby pathogens can be transferred within a population although the significance remains unknown. hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate microbial populations associated with iranian paper currency.this study was carried out by getting 108 samples of the irania...

background : this study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of three mouthwashes on su-pragingival plaque microbiota. the three mouthwashes under study were 0.2% chlorhexidine (chx), listerine®, and persica (pm). water was used as negative control. methods : supragingival plaque samples were collected from 32 patients with gingivitis in the dental school of shahid behesh...

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using food additives from natural sources to improve taste and also extend the shelf-life of semi-preserved foodstuffs. The aim of this study was to examine the chemical and microbiological changes promoted by a local marinating process in rainbow trout fillets during chilled storage. Fish fillets were immersed in marinades and stored at...

The study aimed to evaluate the bacterial contamination of powdered herbal medicinal preparations sourced from identified herbal retail outlets in different parts of Kaduna metropolis. The assessments of the contamination of the herbal products were carried out using standard procedures: total aerobic bacterial plate count, measurement of some physical parameters, isolation and characterization...

Background; Pollution of drinking water and ice is one of the most serious ways of water borne diseases spread. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bacterial contamination of the ice produced by ice factories in Bandar Abbas. Methods; In this descriptive ,cross-sectional study samples were collected from seven ice factories in Bandar Abbas. Sampling was done by standard method.   ...