fhe X-ray diffraction patterns of whole chromatin in dilute solution and of isolated repeat units are essentially the same. Recent work has established a repeating structure for ttre ctrromatin of eukaryotes. One repeat comprises two each of the four main histones surrounded by about 200 base gairs of DNA, forming a beadlike object about IOOA in diameter. Such beads occur in close apposition al...

The metabolism of a living cell requires a permanent transfer of molecules throughout the cell and beyond its bounds. Within cell nuclei, molecules are predominantly driven by diffusion, which is influenced by the chromatin network. We propose a quantity related to the pair correlation function to measure the diffusion-relevant clumpiness of chromatin. Using Monte Carlo lattice simulations, we ...

Preparation of Chromatin and Mononucleosome from Rat Liver Purified nuclei were digested with micrococcal nuclease for the preparation of chromatin. Prolonged digestion of the nuclei with micrococcal nuclease was used to prepare mononucleosome with a DNA length of 146 base pairs. Selective solubilization of mononucleosome was done by the acidification (NaH2PO4 1.78% w/v) of the supernatant. The...

Aim The objective of this study was to determine a formula for estimating the liveweight in West African donkeys. Materials and Methods Liveweight and a total of 6 body measurements were carried out on 1352 donkeys from Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and Senegal. The correlations between liveweight and body measurements were determined, and the most correlated body measurements with liveweight we...

Dosage compensation in Drosophila increases the transcription of genes on the single X chromosome in males to equal that of both X chromosomes in females. Site-specific histone acetylation by the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex is thought to play a fundamental role in the increased transcriptional output of the male X. Nucleation and sequence-independent spreading of the complex to active ge...

Fiber diameter, radial distribution of density, and radius of gyration were determined from scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) of unstained, frozen-dried chromatin fibers. Chromatin fibers isolated under physiological conditions (ionic strength, 124 mM) from Thyone briareus sperm (DNA linker length, n = 87 bp) and Necturus maculosus erythrocytes (n = 48 bp) were analyzed by object...

There is a significant relationship between the intestine length (Y) and total body length (X) for 11 species of freshwater fish (Y = 0.08X1.42). Sufficient variation exists about this relationship to indicate important differences among the species' diets. The diets for each species, ranked on a Trophic Index scale determined from literature data, are negatively rank order correlated with the ...

Reptiles in urban remnants are threatened with extinction by increased fire frequency, habitat fragmentation caused by urban development, and competition and predation from exotic species. Understanding how urban reptiles respond to and recover from such disturbances is key to their conservation. We monitored the recovery of an urban reptile community for five years following a summer wildfire ...

At birth, all children are characterized by different values of body weight and body length, caused by both genetic factors and the conditions and characteristics of their prenatal development. It is important to investigate whether these differences expressed at birth, particularly those values that are below average, can be improved by implementing a six-month period of kinesiological activit...