this study was carried out to examine aflatoxin b1 (afb1) removal ability of four strains of lactic acidbacteria (lab). three indigenous (lactobacillus rhamnosus tmu094, lactobacillus fermentum tmu121and pedioccus pentosaceus tmu457) and a non-indigenous (labacillus rhamnosus ptcc1637) isolateswere studied. the strains were incubated with (afb1) at different time. the toxin residual in the supe...

This study was carried out to examine aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) removal ability of four strains of lactic acidbacteria (LAB). Three indigenous (Lactobacillus rhamnosus TMU094, Lactobacillus fermentum TMU121and Pedioccus pentosaceus TMU457) and a non-indigenous (Labacillus rhamnosus PTCC1637) isolateswere studied. The strains were incubated with (AFB1) at different time. The toxin residual in the supe...

As determined by the intracutaneous test in guinea pigs, diphtheria toxin is not altered in the presence of cardiac tissue obtained from the fetal or from the adult heart of the guinea pig. Tissue cultures were apparently uninjured by the presence of the toxin in the dilutions used in these experiments, and, when washed with embryo extract after removal of the diluted toxin, continued to grow. ...

Bordetella adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (CyaA) penetrates the cytoplasmic membrane of phagocytes and employs two distinct conformers to exert its multiple activities. One conformer forms cation-selective pores that permeabilize phagocyte membrane for efflux of cytosolic potassium. The other conformer conducts extracellular calcium ions across cytoplasmic membrane of cells, relocates into l...

Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) type C was partially purified by differential solubility in ethanol and acetate-buffered saline. Toxin prepared in this way consisted of protein and hyaluronic acid. After removal of hyaluronic acid, the toxin remained pyrogenic, enhanced susceptibility of rabbits to letahl endotoxin shock, was stable when treated with acid, base, or pepsin, but wa...

Introduction: Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a toxin with harmful effects on the liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. So, effective removal of MC-LR from water resources is of great importance. The aim of this study was to remove microcystin-LR (MC-LR) from aqueous solution by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2). Materials and Methods: In the present study, TiO2, as a semiconductor, ...

Adenylate cyclase (AC) toxin from Bordetella pertussis is unusual in that, unlike most other members of the repeats-in-toxin family that are released into the extracellular milieu, it remains associated with the bacterial surface. In this study, we investigated the nature of the association of this toxin with the surface of B. pertussis. AC toxin was extracted from crude outer membrane preparat...

Staphylococcal alpha-toxin is an important virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus to cause severe infections. In this study, we explored whether the toxoid of alpha-toxin may be utilized to block the toxicity of wild-type alpha-toxin. We created a series of H35A mutated alpha-toxin expression strains and revealed that the H35A mutation eliminates the activity of alpha-toxin using a human lu...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS This study evaluated the efficacy of commonly used treatment modalities and determined predictors of treatment outcome for contact granuloma. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS Twenty otolaryngologists from 18 university hospitals reviewed the medical records of their own contact granuloma patients for the most recent 4 years. To be enrolled as a valid case, eac...