We present a new and complete multi-level approach for solving path planning problems for nonholonomic robots. At the rst level a path is found that disrespects (some of) the nonholonomic constraints. At each next level a new path is generated, by transformation of the path generated at the previous level. The transformation is such that more nonholonomic constraints are respected than at the p...

An analysis of Victorian truck rollover crashes using data from the VicRoads Road Crash Information System database and National Transport Insurance (NTI) was undertaken for 2003 to 2007. Recommendations for reducing the frequency and severity of truck rollover crashes were made based on the analyses and supported by relevant literature. The Victorian crash data indicated that of all truck cras...

OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion of televised movie trailers that included images of tobacco use during 1 year and the extent of youth exposure to those trailers. DESIGN Content analysis combined with Nielsen data measuring media exposure. All movie trailers (N = 216) shown on television from August 1, 2001, through July 31, 2002. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Exposure among youth aged 12 to 1...

Constant rise in fuel price in recent times has caused manufacturers of heavy commercial vehicles (HCV) to turn to efficient aerodynamic design of trucks, wagons, tractors as well as trailers. The comparative analysis in this study compares the coefficient of drag of the following four aerodynamic configurations of a tractor-trailer combination: 1. Semi-trailer with no devices. 2. Semi-trailer ...

one of the most important dimention of the industrial structure is the concentration. in order to determine concentration in iranian industries from 2000 to 2005, the 5-firm concentration ratio is used in terms of sale value, production, value added and employment variables. the results indicate high correlation among concentration ratios in terms of sale, employment, value added and production...

This article discusses the relevance of using timber trucks for removal timber. The existing schemes layout road trains are given. analysis main ad-vantages logging with trailers, truck tractors semi-trailers, drop as well three-link is carried out. dependences changes in load capacities saddle and trailer on their specific capacity presented. regularities volume platform from carrying mounting...

In the paper, we report our research on improvement of thermal efficiency refrigerated trailers by modification their wall structure placing a layer phase change material inside them. The was carried out in field transport, meeting requirements all classes provided for ATP agreement trailers. As part research, formulated numerical model proposed design refrigerator walls, which subsequently val...

Passive trailer systems provide a variety of advantages in delivery and transportation applications. The transportation capacity of the truck with multiple trailers can be increased in proportion to the number of trailers. The cost of the car with trailers is much lower than the cost of multiple cars. However, the major drawback of the trailer system is tha...