Nanocomposites of metal oxides with graphene oxide and other carbon materials have shown superior catalytic activities in many important chemical reactions. A systematic investigation the effect Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, on sulfonated (GO) is detailed in present paper. The nanocomposites GO were prepared under carefully chosen conditions so that content nanocomposites remains similar. used ...

The Sustainable Value methodology was used to compare and rank eight combinations of waste biomass types conversion technologies on a common assessment basis produce energy, energy vectors advanced biofuels. studied included agricultural agro-industrial residues, slurries effluents, pulp paper mill sludge, piggery effluents organic fractions municipal solid waste, biodiesel by (trans)esterifica...

Oils with high content of free fatty acid (FFA) can be treated by acid esterification where an alcohol reacts with the given oil in the presence of acid catalyst. The investigated parameters include methanol to oil ratio, temperature and amount of catalyst. The optimum conditions for acid esterification which could reduce FFA content in the feedstock to less than 1.88% (acid value 3.76 mg KOH/g...

We demonstrate the application of a multicatalyst to the oxidation of a broad variety of aldehydes and subsequent enantioselective esterification of the incipient acids with (±)-trans-cycloalkane-1,2-diols. This reaction operates well with a multicatalyst bearing two independent catalytic moieties that provide monoprotected 1,2-diols in one pot.

The title compound, C(23)H(35)BrO(3), synthesized by esterification and bromination of isosteviol, comprises a fused four-ring system. Two of the six-membered rings adopt a regular chair conformation, whereas the remaining six-membered ring is an unsymmetrical distorted chair. The stereochemistry at the two six-membered ring junctions is trans, while the five-membered ring adopts an envelope co...

Derivatives of the 16-membered dienlactone bafilomycins were prepared in order to study the structure-activity relationship of these compounds. Some derivatives formed by hydrolysis, O-alkylation, O-acylation, trans-esterification and epoxidation were isolated and their structures determined by two-dimensional (2D) NMR studies and mass spectroscopy.

All-trans retinoic acid (10) was synthesized by β-ionone (5) through knoevenagel condensation, reduction and hydrolysis reaction. Then, hydroxyl-pinacolone retinoate (11) prepared the esterification with 1-hydroxy- 3, 3-dimethylbutan-2-ketone. This route not only reduces synthesis steps but also helps to increase yield. The structure of product characterized 1 H NMR 13 C NMR.