background: welding emits harmful rays to the eyes. we evaluate and compare the uv, blue light and ir transmittance characteristics of some currently available welding safety protectors with ansi z87.1 criteria. materials and methods: three type of welding safety protectors (three of each type) have been evaluated for spectral transmittance. one-sample t-test was performed to establish is there...

Background: The natural crystalline lens of the eye is considered as one of the most radiosensitive tissues of the human body and long-time research demonstrates an association between ionizing radiation exposure and cataract development. Intraocular lens (IOL) implants are synthetic lenses used to replace the cataractous human lens of the eye and obtain optical rehabilitation in cataract surge...

In this work we explore the effect of the contribution of the solar spectrum to the recorded signal in wavelengths outside the typical 940-nm filter’s bandwidth. We employ gaussian-shaped filters as well as actual filter transmission curves, mainly AERONET data, to study the implications imposed by the non-zero out-of-band contribution to the coefficients used to derive precipitable water from ...

Molybdenum thin films with 50 and 150 nm thicknesses were deposited on silicon substrates, using DC magnetron sputtering system, then post-annealed at different temperatures (200, 325, 450, 575 and 700°C) with flow oxygen at 200 sccm (standard Cubic centimeter per minute). The crystallographic structure of the films was obtained by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. An atomic force micr...

In vitro evaluation of sun protection activity of some medicinal herbs by SPF determination, to find out which herbal extracts have the best protection activity and can be used as sunscreen agent. Sun rays are the most environmental harmful factor which affect skin, cause sun burn and photo aging. According to the previous studies the plant’s flavonoids are suitable absorbents for UV rays. In t...

Molybdenum thin films with 50 and 150 nm thicknesses were deposited on silicon substrates, using DC magnetron sputtering system, then post-annealed at different temperatures (200, 325, 450, 575 and 700°C) with flow oxygen at 200 sccm (standard Cubic centimeter per minute). The crystallographic structure of the films was obtained by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. An atomic force micr...

The transmittance spectrum of halftone prints on paper is predicted thanks to a model inspired by the Yule-Nielsen modified spectral Neugebauer model used for reflectance predictions. This model is well adapted for semi-opaque printing supports and applicable to duplex prints. Model parameters are obtained by a few transmittance measurements on calibration patches printed at one side of the pap...

The phenomena of the minimum transmittance spectrum or the maximum reflection spectrum located around the Dirac frequency have been observed to demonstrate the 1/L scaling law near the Dirac-like point through the finite ribbon structure. However, so far there is no effective way to identify the Dirac-like point accurately. In this work we provide an effective measurement method to identify the...

Although, that the solar energy is important for life continuity, there is need to protect large buildings from these radiations in summer and if the buildings are permitted to take these radiations, the cost of cooling will be too much. One of the most effective methods used to solve this problem is to coat buildings with specific pigments that reflect the solar infrared radiation. This wo...