background: triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc) carries a poor prognosis and therapeutic options are limited to date. the aim of this study was to investigate to what extent the epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (vegfr2), hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (hif-1α) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (igf-1r) are expressed in tnbc and to...

background: because of the reported poor prognosis and absence of effective and specific therapeutic approaches, triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc) tumors have remained as an important area of investigations for clinicians and researchers. the aim of this study was to determine the clinical, pathological, histological, prognostic features, and outcome associated with this type of breast cance...

Triple-negative breast cancer is a high-risk breast cancer with poor survival rate. To date, there is a lack of targeted therapy for this type of cancer. One unique phenomenon is that inflammatory breast cancer is frequently triple negative. However, it is still ambiguous how inflammation influences triple-negative breast cancer growth and responding to chemotherapy. Herein, we investigated the...

Little is known about the etiologic profile of triplenegative breast cancer (negative for estrogen receptor/ progesterone receptor/human epidermal growth factor), a breast cancer subtype associated with high mortality and inadequate therapeutic options. We undertook this study to assess the risk for triple-negative breast cancer among women 45 years of age and younger in relation to demographic...

BACKGROUND The association between family history and risk of triple negative breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has not been well investigated, especially in Asian populations. We investigated the association between family history and risk of DCIS or triple negative breast cancer in a Han Chinese population. METHODS A case-control study, comprising 926 breast cancer patients ...

Triple-negative breast cancer has recently been recognized as an important subgroup of breast cancer with a distinct outcome and therapeutic approach when compared with other subgroups of breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer comprises primarily, but not exclusively, a molecularly distinct subtype of breast cancer, the basal-like subtype. We do not yet have an assay to identify basal-lik...

Triple-negative breast cancers are an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor survival, but there remains little known about the etiologic factors that promote its initiation and development. Commonly inherited breast cancer risk factors identified through genome-wide association studies display heterogeneity of effect among breast cancer subtypes as defined by the status of estrogen and ...

BACKGROUND In the Czech Republic, around 6,500 women get breast cancer each year; out of this number, nearly 1,000 women are triple negative subtype. Triple negative breast cancer is characterized by lack of expression of α-estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Vast majority of these cases are low-differentiated carcinomas, majority belonging to the basal-like subgroup defined originally ...

BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with aggressive tumor behavior and distinct disease etiology. Due to the lack of an effective targeted medicine, treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer are few and recurrence rates are high. Although various multi-gene prognostic markers have been proposed for the prediction of breast cancer outcome, most of the...