BACKGROUND Screening using fecal occult blood testing (FOBt) reduces colorectal cancer mortality, but the test has low sensitivity. A "missed" cancer may cause psychologic harms in the screened population that partially counteract the benefits of early detection. METHODS Three hundred and eleven people diagnosed with colorectal cancer (i) after a negative FOBt result (interval cancer), (ii) a...

This paper tests the conjecture that involuntary job loss erodes trust. Using German Socio-Economic Panel and considering how trust evolves over a quinquennial time interval, we find decreases by about 9 percent of standard deviation.

The paper deals with the phenomenal trust modelling. Required terms as trust, trust types, trust values and representation are mentioned. Fundamental description of phenomenal trust formation is presented as a form of impersonal trust which is complementary to interpersonal trust. Phenomenon is defined by the set of its possible exclusive values. The model describes the trust of a subject to pa...

Technology supported information sharing could be argued to both enhance and inhibit learning. However, social and affective issues that motivate learners’ technology interactions are often overlooked. Are learners avoiding valuable learning applications because of privacy fears and trust issues? Will inaccurate technology assumptions and awareness inhibit information sharing? Do learners need ...

Trust is a major issue with deploying empirical models in the real world since changes in the underlying system or use of the model in new regions of parameter space can produce (potentially dangerous) incorrect predictions. The trepidation involved with model usage can be mitigated by assembling ensembles of diverse models and using their consensus as a trust metric, since these models will be...

BACKGROUND Vertical and horizontal trust, as dimensions of social capital, may be important determinants of health. As mass media campaigns have been used extensively to promote healthy lifestyles and convey health-related information, high levels of individual trust in the media may facilitate the success of such campaigns and, hence, have a positive influence on health. However, few studies h...

In many distributed applications, a party who wishes to make a transaction requires that it has a certain level of trust in the other party. It is frequently the case that the parties are unknown to each other and thus share no pre-existing trust. Trust-based systems enable users to establish trust in unknown users through trust recommendation from known users. For example, Bob may choose to tr...

Trust in physicians has declined, and surveys of public opinion show a poor level of public trust in physicians. Commodification of health care has been speculated as a plausible driving force. We used cross-national data of 23 countries from the International Social Survey Programme 2011 to quantify health care commodification and study its role in the trust that patients generally place in ph...

The iambic-trochaic law (ITL) states that repeating sounds with an intensity contrast are perceived as binary groups with initial prominence (trochees) and those with a durational contrast with final prominence (iambs). Although the ITL has been empirically supported, it is not clear whether it is due to universal cognitive mechanisms or whether language-specific prosodic properties affect list...