[1] Five shallow pressure gauges located in straits in the southern Indonesian islands were used to evaluate tsunami signals triggered by the earthquakes off the northwest coast of Sumatra in December 2004 and the south coast of Java in July 2006. Tsunami waves reached the pressure gauges around 5 to 6 hours after the 2004 earthquake; the largest waves arrived 10 to 23 hours later, with amplitu...

The objective of this study was to investigate experimentally solitary waves run-up on sloping beaches. Conducted in the Super wave flume(5m×5.2m×300m) and the Large wave flume(2m×2m×200m)at Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory (THL), solitary waves were generated by moving the wave board forward in the manner of ramp-trajectory and solitary-wave-trajectory separately to simulate the various of wave he...

In this article, we assess the human and economic hazard posed by tsunami waves generated from impacts of sub-2 km diameter asteroids. Annually, on average, 182(+197/)123) people will be affected by impact-induced waves with a corresponding infrastructure loss of $18(+20/)12)M/y. Half of the tsunami hazard stems from impactors with diameters less than 300 m. One near Earth asteroid will survive...

The 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption has generated a destructive tsunami higher than 40 m on the Indonesian coast where more than 36 000 lives were lost. Sea level oscillations related with this event have been reported on significant distances from the source in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Evidence of many manifestations of the Krakatau tsunami was a subject of the intense discussi...

A satellite view of internal waves induced by the Indian Ocean tsunami D. A. SANTEK† and A. WINGUTH‡ †Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of WisconsinMadison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA ‡Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA At 08:45 local time (02:45 GMT) on 26 December 2004, one hour and 45 minu...

The existing tsunami warning system is based primarily on registration of underwater earthquake events. Unfortunately this approach has intrinsic drawbacks: the relationship between quake force and tsunami intensity/propagation is complicated and not clear. Another approach relies on direct measurement of tsunami wave height by detection of pressure change near the bottom. Such a buoy network i...

[1] The study describes the development, testing and applications of site-specific tsunami inundation models (forecast models) for use in NOAA’s tsunami forecast and warning system. The model development process includes sensitivity studies of tsunami wave characteristics in the nearshore and inundation, for a range of model grid setups, resolutions and parameters. To demonstrate the process, f...

A particle-based method is one of the most commonly used methods for fluid simulations. It is useful to simulate irregular and complex fluid motion with topological changes. Since the waves are generated from the collision of particles and the breaking wave phenomenon occurs when the waves collides with the city, the particle-based method provides a best way to simulate the breaking wave as wel...

The June 15, 1896 Sanriku earthquake generated devastating tsunamis with the maximum run-up of 25 m and caused the worst tsunami disaster in the history of Japan, despite its moderate surface wave magnitude (Ms=7.2) and weak seismic intensity. This is a typical tsunami earthquake, which generates anomalously larger tsunamis than expected from its seismic waves. Previously proposed mechanisms of...

The giant tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean on 26th December 2004 pays attention to this natural phenomenon and the possibility to use the analytical methods. The given paper demonstrates the role of nonlinear effects in the computed dynamics of the tsunami waves in shallow seas and the applicability of the rigorous and approximated solutions of the nonlinear theory of water waves to explain...