Refractory epilepsy is reportedly associated with an overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp). In this study, we examined the contribution of Pgp and Bcrp to the brain distribution of 12 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in Mdr1a/1b(-/-) and Mdr1a/1b(-/-)/Bcrp(-/-) mice within a therapeutic concentration range. The blo...

PURPOSE Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP) mediate the cellular uptake of a broad range of drugs. The hydrophobic anticancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX), was recently identified as a substrate for OATP1B3 in vitro. We investigated the role of Oatp1a/1b transporters in the pharmacokinetics of PTX in vivo, as well as their impact at different dose levels of PTX and methotrexate (MTX). EX...

We have characterized the C215D active-site mutant of protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B) and solved the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the apoenzyme to a resolution of 1.6 A. The mutant enzyme displayed maximal catalytic activity at pH approximately 4.5, which is significantly lower than the pH optimum of 6 for wild-type PTP-1B. Although both forms of the enzyme exhibited id...

abstract: genotyping of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is important for designing therapeutic strategies and regional specific diagnostic assays. the aim of this study was to identify the hcv genotypes in hcv infected blood donors. this is the first report on hcv genotypes in blood donors in iran. in this cross-sectional study, 103 blood donors with hepatitis c were investigated for hcv genotypes....

BACKGROUND Rodents express two isoforms of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor: AT(1A) and AT(1B). It is unclear which receptor subtype mediates contraction in response to angiotensin II in various arteries. We tested the hypothesis that the AT(1B) receptor is the predominant receptor that mediates contraction in the abdominal aorta in response to angiotensin II. METHODS Isometric tens...