When I began my career in medical statistics, back in 1972, little was heard of power calculations. In major journals, sample size often appeared to be whatever came to hand. For example, in that month, September 1972, the Lancet contained 31 research reports which used individual subject data, excluding case reports and animal studies. The median sample size was 33 (quartiles 12 and 85). In th...

Donald Trump’s presidency resulted in several accusations of tyrannical intent. The end his term office, and particularly the rioting 6 January 2021 denial presidential election results, did little to dispel those accusations. Tyranny, while perhaps not fashionable as a basis analysis, has long-intertwined relationship with law constitutionalism. This article uses consider relationships between...

ibn al-moqaffa, an iranian thinker and reformer lived in the era when people suffered from tyranny. he had well realized the root of people's problem which he attributed to the political regime. he was the one who believed that the progress of common men depends on the progress of nobles and their progress is not possible without their leader's progress. the society in those days was ...

When parties are very unequally endowed, agreement may be very difficult to reach, even if the specific transaction is easy to contract on, and fungible resources can be transferred to compensate the losing party. The very fungibility of the resource transferred makes it hard to restrict its use, changing the amount the parties involved spend in trying to grab future rents. This spill-over effe...

SANDEL, Michael: The Tyranny of Merit. What’s Become the Common Good?

When Matt’s job search reached its third year, his family became convinced that his studying computer science in college was a mistake. “If computer science is such a good thing to study,” his grandmother sni ed, “why can’t it get him a job?” I wasn’t an intimate friend of Matt’s, but as his neighbor, I’d seen him grow from toddler to teenager to tech geek. As a gesture to the family, I o ered ...