Aging is an uninvited sequel of organismal growth and the ultimacy of which is death. At the molecular level, organismal aging is a conversion from cellular quiescence to senescence state. Age is a major risk factor for many diseases including diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Other consequences of aging are not defined by diseases, but rather considered ‘stages of lif...

The dynamics of seeking causation and the dynamics of subjectivity are first presented and are then brought together in a consideration of the 3 core components of the religious quest: the search for and experience of ultimate explanations, the interiority of religious experience ("spirituality"), and the empathic experience of religious fellowship. Thomas Berry proposes that the universe funct...

the present article begins with an articulation of the significance and relation of ‘query and response’ with both dialogue and its semantic perimeters and discloses the sources of rumi’s thinking about this issue. after this taking a comparative stance, this article briefly explores the background and the significance of query and response, dialogue and dialectic as they relate to both ontolog...

holistic educational approach was an educational movement which appeared in the domain of education in the mid- 1980s in north america. in fact it was a result of mental and cultural anxiety during the 60th and 70th centuries and was a reaction to the educational mainstream of the world. holistic educational approach is essentially an educational paradigm that tries to join educational theories...

内容提要梵语“阿剎罗”（akṣara）一词在印度古代文化背景中具有哲 学、语言学两个方面的意义。从哲学层面言之，akṣara 一词具有不灭、不朽之义，因而用来指称常住不灭的终极存在；就语言 学层面而言，其义项为不可分析、不可拆分之义，通常指音节、字母，即梵语言文字最根本的拼读、书写单位。在汉译佛 典中，“阿剎罗”通常被译作声字、字、字本、字母，以陀罗尼、真言、明、咒、秘密语等形式，在以《般若经》为代表的大乘 佛教经典中有广泛应用。《般若经》是出现最早的大乘佛典，是大乘佛教成立的标 志；自公元前后起般若类经典一直在不断地增广，到十三世纪 前后仍有相应的新经典产生，堪为大乘佛教发展演变的活化 石。在早期般若经典中，声字是以陀罗尼的形式出现的。其中 最根本、最典型的陀罗尼，即是被称为陀罗尼门的四十二字 门。从其语言学属性来看，四十二字是犍陀罗语的根本字母或 字母表，这种字母最初是用佉卢文来...

Peter Harrison’s 2011 Gifford Lectures, published under the title The Territories of Science and Religion, surely count as single most helpful intervention in field ‘religion science’ since that conversation got seriously underway. Thanks to Harrison, interlocutors could look away from quest for typologies taxonomies towards a scrutiny terms themselves. ‘Religion’ ‘science’, Harrison argued, da...

Two broadly different approaches to spiritual practice exist within virtually every religious tradition. Though the specific characterization and evaluation of these different practices vary among authors, their general nature is reasonably clear. The exoteric path represents the more conventional approach to religion involving ongoing participation in the practices and activities of an establi...