Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSN) constitute one of the promising application areas of the recently developed wireless sensor networking techniques. The main difference between WUSN and the terrestrial wireless sensor networks is the communication medium. The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves in soil and the significant differences between propagation in air pr...

the method of artificial neural network is used as a suitable tool for intelligent interpretation of gravity data in this paper. we have designed a hopfield neural network to estimate the gravity source depth. the designed network was tested by both synthetic and real data. as real data, this artificial neural network was used to estimate the depth of a qanat (an underground channel) located at...

The nondestructive three-dimensional acoustic tomography concept of the present investigation combines computerized tomography image reconstruction algorithms using acoustic diffracting waves together with depth information to produce a three-dimensional (3D) image of an underground section. The approach illuminates the underground area of interest with acoustic plane waves of frequencies 200-3...

Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) constitute one of the promising application areas of the recently developed wireless sensor networking techniques. The main difference between WUSNs and the terrestrial wireless sensor networks is the communication medium. The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves in soil and the significant differences between propagation in air ...

Detection of affected areas in images is a crucial step in assessing the depth of the affected area for municipal operators. These affected areas in the underground images, which are line images are indicative of the condition of buried infrastructures like sewers and water mains. These images identify affected areas and extract their properties like structures from the images, whose contrast h...

Robots’ visual perception is a field that is gaining increasing attention from researchers. This is partly due to emerging trends in the commercial availability of 3D scanning systems or devices that produce a high information accuracy level for a variety of applications. In the history of mining, the mortality rate of mine workers has been alarming and robots exhibit a great deal of potentials...

Wireless Underground Communication Networks (WUCNs) consist of wireless devices that operate below the ground surface. These devices are either (i) buried completely under dense soil, or (ii) placed within a bounded open underground space, such as underground mines and road/subway tunnels. The main difference between WUCNs and the terrestrial wireless communication networks is the communication...

This paper describes the development of a new ground penetrating radar system for measuring coal thickness in underground mining operations. Although subsurface radar exhibits significant potential for depth measurement, the raw signals are complicated and cannot be readily interpreted by mining personnel. We show how real-time digital signal processing plays a key role in transforming the raw ...

according to research, between 15 to 20 percent of the total energy consumption of every country is used for residential spaces. this amount is explanatory of the high cost and will follow the destruction of natural resources and environmental demolition. the aim of this research is to recognize earth thermal ability and its usage in public buildings and especially in private buildings in order...

With the development of economic construction, underground space development continues to move towards the deep. "More, long, big, deep," will be the general trend of the development of underground engineering in the 21st century. Rock burst is a kind of sudden geological disasters with a higher frequency in deep tunnel construction. Rock burst prediction has very important significance for the...