This paper studies nonmarket institutions that facilitate exports. In Malawi, as in many other developing countries, farmers face numerous constraints that disconnect them from export markets. We explore the role of a local institution, the burley tobacco clubs, in bridging smallholders to exports. Burley clubs potentially enable farmers to increase their tobacco farming productivity by providi...

This article briefly explores the nature of price risk faced by Australian broad acre farmers and outlines some farm management ramifications of price risk. The article describes the variation in price risk across time and across commodities. The underlying distributional form of prices faced by farmers is shown to have important ramifications for farm management. The likelihood of increases in...

C. S. Lehmann,1,* A. Picón,1,† C. Bostedt,1,2 A. Rudenko,3 A. Marinelli,4 D. Moonshiram,1 T. Osipov,4 D. Rolles,3,5 N. Berrah,6 C. Bomme,5 M. Bucher,1,4 G. Doumy,1 B. Erk,5 K. R. Ferguson,4 T. Gorkhover,4 P. J. Ho,1 E. P. Kanter,1 B. Krässig,1 J. Krzywinski,4 A. A. Lutman,4 A. M. March,1 D. Ray,4 L. Young,1,7 S. T. Pratt,1 and S. H. Southworth1 1Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60...

A Health Exhibition lias been lield at tlie Drill Hall, Leeds, and lias attracted mucli attention. The Public Health Department was especially instructive and included a model hygienic shop counter, fly-proof and ice-cooled, the model cow shed, a smoke-recording apparatus, a demonstration of food values, and a dozen other features conveying lessons to the eye at once. Personal cleanliness, as a...

Objective: Our objective was to pilot collaborations between two urban farms with two corner stores to increase access to fresh produce in low-income neighbourhoods. Design: We conducted a pre–post evaluation of two farm–store collaborations using quantitative distribution and sales data. Using semi-structured interviews, we qualitatively assessed feasibility of implementation and collaboration...

Timing nitrogen applications to the biological needs of a crop is an effective way to reduce nitrogen losses to the environment. However, this strategy may carry a production risk and conflict with farmers' economic objectives. A field-level production decision model was used to estimate on-farm costs associated with timing nitrogen applications for crop needs in Indiana. For a risk-neutral far...

Noroviruses (NoVs) are important cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Genotype GII.4 is responsible for the majority of outbreaks reported to date. This study describes, for the first time in Brazil, the circulation of NoV GII.4 variant Sydney 2012 in faecal samples collected from children aged less than or equal to eight years in Rio Branco, state of Acre, northern Brazil, during July...

Groundbreaking studies of phlebotomine sand fly populations in Assis Brasil, State of Acre, Brazil, resulted in the collection of 13 new records of phlebotomine sand flies and one previously undescribed species. Lutzomyia naiffi sp. nov. is described here. The new species is similar to Lutzomyia columbiana (Ristorcelli & Van Ty) in measurements and other morphological characters.