Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious viral disease of livestock with significant economic effect. It is prevalent in various regions of Asia, Africa, and South America. The causative agent of this disease is called foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which is a member of Aphthovirus genus. Vaccination is an effective technique to prevent the complications of FMD and to eradicate the di...

Background: Today, several vaccines have been developed to prevent infectious diseases. The older first-generation vaccines may have many problems. In this regard, genetic engineering plays an important role using tools such as shuttle vectors to develop recombinant DNA vaccines that usually include plasmid constructed so that can propagate in two different host species. The present study revie...

every year, millions of moslems depart to saudi arabia from more than one hundred countries around the world for paying to hajj precept. high percentages of these pilgrims suffer from an influenza-like illness (ili). this study was designed and conducted on 32370 iranian pilgrims (36% of total number of iranian pilgrims) to evaluate the incidence of the illness and determination of influenza va...

background: various prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems have been developed for the production of recombinant proteins. in the present study, we used a new protein expression system based on the iranian lizard leishmania, a trypanosomatid protozoan as a host, for the expression of lpg3 gene from leishmania infantum (l.infantum). methods: the lpg3 gene was cloned in the expression cass...

background the impact of hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccination campaigns on hbv epidemiology needs to be evaluated, in order to assess the long-term immunity offered by vaccines against hbv. objectives to evaluate the current status of anti-hbv vaccine coverage among healthcare workers (hcws) in southern italy, and to determine the long-term persistence of antibodies to hepatitis b surface antige...

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce pe...

conclusions epo resistance was negatively associated with anti-hbs levels and seroconversion. more studies are needed to highlight the underlying mechanisms regarding epo resistance and response to hbv vaccination in hd patients. results in total 97 patients were enrolled. for the entire group, stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that square root transformed anti-hbs levels were indepe...