نتایج جستجو برای: variable non

تعداد نتایج: 1541727  

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this study examined the effect of prior knowledge and vocabulary teaching on iranian efl learners listening comprehension. the current study has two purposes: one is to investigate the effect of background knowledge on the second language listening comprehension of iranian intermediates and the other is to determine whether second language is facilitated by the introduction of unknown vocabularies in the form of prelistening activities. to conduct the study different instruments such as listening proficiency test and four listening tests such as pre and posttests were used and various statistical processes and techniques including paired-sample t-test, and analysis of variance (anova) were used. the findings of this study supported all three hypotheses tested. differences were found between the means of preteaching vocabulary variable, the background knowledge activation variable, and mean difference between these two strategies variable. subjects scored higher when the unknown words were taught in advance. likewise, subjects scored higher when they were asked some relevant questions about the topic than on those without them. there was, in addition, a significant difference between the means of preteaching vocabulary strategy and background knowledge activation strategy. in fact, preteaching vocabulary had a better effect in enhancing the students’ listening comprehension, in comparison to background knowledge activation strategy.

پایان نامه :دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1390

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this stud...

Journal: :Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 2007

Journal: :Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 1999

Journal: :Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 1933

Journal: :Journal of Systems and Software 1993
A. Jefferson Offutt Mary Jean Harrold Priyadarshan Kolte

Low module coupling is considered to be a desirable quality for modular programs to have. Previously, coupling has been de ned subjectively, and not quanti ed, making it di cult to use in practice. In this paper, we extend previous work to re ect newer programming languages, and quantify coupling by developing a general software metric system that allows us to automatically measure coupling. We...

1999
Samuel J. Keyser Alec P. Marantz Daniel Fox

This thesis argues that principles of economy play an important role in determining the form of linguistic structures at the interface with the semantic component. The argument comes in the form of a variety of proposals regarding specific mechanisms that are active at this interface. Specifically, I suggest that Economy plays a role in determining relative scope, variable binding, and the form...

2011
Bhiksha Raj Rita Singh Tuomas Virtanen

The problem of separating speech signals out of monaural mixtures (with other non-speech or speech signals) has become increasingly popular in recent times. Among the various solutions proposed, the most popular methods are based on compositional models such as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and latent variable models. Although these techniques are highly effective they largely ignore ...

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