Brain edema is a potentially fatal pathological state that occurs after brain injuries such as stroke and head trauma. In the edematous brain, excess accumulation of extracellular fluid results in elevation of intracranial pressure, leading to impaired nerve function. Despite the seriousness of brain edema, only symptomatic treatments to remove edema fluid are currently available. Thus, the dev...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Both intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and brain edema have been attributed to reperfusion after intravenous thrombolysis. We explored the interaction of recanalization and core size for imaging outcomes (ICH and vasogenic brain edema). METHODS In patients with anterior circulation occlusion given intravenous thrombolysis <4.5 hours and imaged with computed tomographic (CT...

BACKGROUND Cerebral edema is a potentially devastating complication of various acute neurologic disorders. Its successful treatment may save lives and preserve neurologic function. REVIEW SUMMARY Different pathophysiological mechanisms are responsible for the formation of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema. Yet, these 2 types of edema often coexist and their treatment tends to overlap, with the ex...

In accelerated hypertension, vasogenic brain edema associated with PRES may represent either autoregulatory breakthrough leading to vasodilation or excessive autoregulation leading to vasoconstriction. We describe 2 patients with PRES in accelerated hypertension who had serous retinal detachments, a vasoconstrictive phenomenon. The concurrence of serous retinal detachment and PRES offers intrig...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Identification of the motor strip on MR imaging studies is difficult in the presence of mass effect and vasogenic edema because sulcal landmarks are obscured. We hypothesize that a difference in cortical thickness between the motor and sensory strips is readily apparent on T2-weighted images in the presence of vasogenic edema and reliably identifies the central sulcus. ...

Hypothermia maintains the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier to proteins and, therefore, presumably the development of vasogenic brain edema after brain ischemia. We intended to determine whether mild hypothermia would have a protective effect against cytotoxic brain edema, the early stage of ischemic brain edema. Two groups of Wistar rats (37 degrees C and 35 degrees C body temperature)...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a disorder of reversible vasogenic brain edema which mainly involves the parieto-occipital lobes in various clinical settings. The main mechanism is known to be cerebral autoregulation failure and endothelial dysfunction leading to the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with PRES which involved ...

The state of water in cerebral ischemia was studied by using the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) method. Cerebral ischemia was induced experimentally in Mongolian gerbils by unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery. Longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times of the ischemic brain were measured with a pulse FT-NMR spectrometer and the water content was determined b...

Hypertonic solutions play an important role in the treatment of tissue edema. Following the induction of experimental vasogenic brain edema by occlusion of the common carotid arteries in eight rabbits, the effect of hypertonic lactated Ringer's solution (subjects), vs. isotonic lactated Ringer's solution (control), was studied on blood pressure, electrolyte (sodium, potassium, and calcium) ...

SUMMARY: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurotoxic state accompanied by unique brain imaging pattern typically associated with number of complex clinical conditions including: preeclampsia/eclampsia, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, solid organ autoimmune diseases and high dose cancer chemotherapy. The mechanism behind the developing vasogenic edema CT or...