The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of typhoid fever on pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (LF) and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the said antibiotic in healthy human volunteers and patients with typhoid fever. Total of 12 subjects were divided into two groups “A” (healthy volunteers) and “B” (typhoid patients). Single oral dose of LF 500 mg was given and 5 ...

In this paper, the effect of viscous dampers (VD) on control adjacent structures is firstly discussed, and then tuned inerter (TID) utilized to enhance performance structures. The relative displacement absolute acceleration responses TID controlled are optimized evaluated by H∞ transfer functions. results show that there an optimal damping ratio minimize response structure when VD used, but req...

Breathing during the first postnatal hours has not been examined in mice, the preferred mammalian species for genetic studies. We used whole body plethysmography to measure ventilation (VE), breath duration (T(TOT)), and tidal volume (VT) in mice delivered vaginally (VD) or by cesarean section (CS). In experiment 1, 101 VD and 100 CS pups aged 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h were exposed to 8% CO2 or 10%...

BACKGROUND The ratio of pulmonary dead space to tidal volume (VD/VT) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is reported to be between 0.35 and 0.55. However, VD/VT has seldom been measured with consideration to the evolving pathophysiology of ARDS. METHODS We made serial VD/VT measurements with 59 patients who required mechanical ventilation for > or = 6 days. We measured VD/VT within ...

Evaluation of drug distribution into peripheral tissues is of considerable importance in pharmacokinetic analysis, especially for drugs whose sites of action are in the tissue pool. The tendency of drugs to distribute in peripheral tissues has been described in terms of volumes of distribution (Vd),' distribution or intercompartmental clearance (cLd),2*3 and mean residence (MRT,) and mean trans...

Although preterm birth and formula feeding increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the influences of cesarean section (CS) and vaginal delivery (VD) are unknown. Therefore, gut characteristics and NEC incidence and severity were evaluated in preterm pigs (92% gestation) delivered by CS or VD. An initial study showed that newborn CS pigs (n = 6) had decreased gastric acid secretion...

We investigate the problem of modifying a graph into a connected graph in which the degree of each vertex satisfies a prescribed parity constraint. Let ea, ed and vd denote the operations edge addition, edge deletion and vertex deletion respectively. For any S ⊆ {ea, ed, vd}, we define Connected Degree Parity Editing(S) (CDPE(S)) to be the problem that takes as input a graph G, an integer k and...

Etoposide (VP16) pharmacokinetics was investigated in three groups of cancer patients: a control group of 18 patients with renal and hepatic function tests in the normal range; a group of 8 patients with renal insufficiency; and a group of 15 patients with abnormal hepatic function. In the control group plasma clearance (Clp), volume of distribution (Vd), and elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) o...

In this paper we investigate the abstract hyperbolic model with time dependent stiffness and damping given by 〈ü(t), ψ〉V ∗,V + d(t; u̇(t), ψ) + a(t;u(t), ψ) = 〈f(t), ψ〉V ∗,V where V ⊂ VD ⊂ H ⊂ V ∗ D ⊂ V ∗ are Hilbert spaces with continuous and dense injections, where H is identified with its dual and 〈·, ·〉 denotes the associated duality product. We show under reasonable assumptions on the time-...