Acute pancreatitis (AP) is the most common pancreatic disease and consists of an acute inflammation of the pancreas. AP can contribute to endocrine and exocrine insufficiencies in survivors as a result of the key role of the pancreas in both glucose metabolism and nutritional digestion. The aim of this population-based study was to determine the endocrine or exocrine insufficiencies in patients...

This paper surveys two advanced associative memory models[8][5]. The first model was derived from the projection on a closed convex set spanned by patterns. The second model was derived from training weights to improve the error tolerance of the Hopfield network. Both models are designed to resolve the insufficiencies of the Hopfield network. These insufficiencies are loading capacity, limit cy...

The past few years have seen a phenomenal increase in our understanding of three genetic causes of primary adrenal and gonadal hormone deficiency. Lin and coworkers reported in 1995 (1) that patients with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia have mutations of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. This protein has an essential role in the mobilization of cholesterol from lipid stores to t...

PURPOSE We evaluated fundus and fluorescein angiography (FAG) findings and characteristics that can help distinguish nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) from optic neuritis (ON). METHODS Twenty-three NAION patients and 17 ON with disc swelling patients were enrolled in this study. We performed fundus photography and FAG. The disc-swelling pattern, hyperemia grade, presence...

Due to the increased immune activation in the intestinal tract of people with celiac disease, the digestive and absorptive processes of those affected may be compromised. Individuals with celiac disease are more susceptible to pancreatic insufficiencies, dysbiosis, lactase insufficiencies, and folic acid, vitamin B12, iron, and vitamin D deficiencies, as well as accelerated bone loss due to an ...