the obligation to disclose essential information is important either in theoretical and practical approach. this means that in order to enjoy the necessary knowledge to achieve decision-making and formation of contract, the information that is effective to create legal consent should be revealed to the opposite side. in franchise agreement; violation of this obligation that is one of accessorie...

the inhuman acts of israel in the gaza strip (2008-9) have seriously violated the international humanitarian law.international documents such as the geneva convention (iv) and additional protocol to the geneva conventions (ii) relating to protecting civilians during armed conflicts have clearly indicated violation of humanitarian law during israeli’s deadly offensive at the turn of the year. u...

Current standards in microscopic modeling lack the ability to address certain traffic scenarios, the ability to capture discrete differences in driver behavior that exist between various driving populations, and are structured in such a fashion that various vehicle movements are predicted and modeled separately. In this study, effect of social traffic behavior on rate of traffic violation of ...

Safe data abstractions are widely used for verification purposes. Positive verification results can be transferred to the concrete system. When a property is violated in the abstract system, one still has to check whether a concrete violation exists. However, even when the violation scenario is not reproducible in the concrete system (a false negative), it may still contain information on possi...

disproportionate punishments are those punishments passed or enforced without considering the criteria of proportionality, namely the criteria of harm done, the absolute or relative seriousness of crimes, the kind of committed crime and offender characteristics, the degree and kind of victim’s culpability. considering the penological aims, such as retribution, deterrence and securing social def...

1 Department of Physics University of Arizona The observable Universe reveals a clear dominance of matter over antimatter. If this asymmetry is consistent with the Universe as a whole, then a contradiction arises between observation and any naïve formulation of Big Bang theory. CP violation, violation of the combined C (charge conjugation) and P (parity) operators, is one of three necessary con...