Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious viral disease of equids caused by equine arteritis virus (EAV), an RNA virus that is classified in the family Arteriviridae. The virus is found in horse populations in many countries worldwide. EVA cannot be differentiated clinically from a number of other respiratory and systemic equine diseases. While laboratory-confirmed outbreaks of EVA have been...

The overview summarised data from contemporary studies on immune response against two of the most contagious respiratory diseases in horses – influenza and herpes viral infections. It goes over the generation of immune response in this animal species after vaccination against the viral antigens. The knowledge of mechanisms of immune system response to the infections and respective vaccinations ...

OBJECTIVE To identify a strain of contagious ecthyma virus from goats that possesses the appropriate characteristics for an effective vaccine for goats. ANIMALS 25 goat kids used for vaccine development and 100 goat kids used for evaluation of vaccine efficacy. PROCEDURES 5 strains of contagious ecthyma virus were tested in a vaccination-challenge study to identify the best strain to be the...

waterborne epidemics of viral diseases have occurred and been reported over the years, and isolation of viruses from water of different sources has been made possible by different methods of concentration. it is now believed that bacterial parameters of water purity may not provide an adequate index as to the safety from a virological point of view. in this study eight samples from four main te...