The use of a PHANToM without visual guidance, as by blind people, means a heavier load on haptics. The aim of the paper was to compare accuracy and speed in identifying small virtual 3D objects explored with the PHANToM and analogous real objects explored naturally. The results for virtual objects were far from the results for real objects, which indicates that there is a large potential for im...

INTRODUCTION Lung counting has many sources of uncertainty that can impact on the activity estimate such as different deposition patterns of radioactivity in the lung, rib size and placement, chest wall composition and profile, effect of detector size and thickness. For example, if a lung counter is calibrated using a lung set that has the activity homogeneously distributed throughout the tissu...

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a liver phantom for dosimetry. To benchmark the results obtained by the developed liver phantom, another method was applied for the dosimetry of a real liver tissue using imaging. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, a real liver tissue was converted into a phantom based on thegram-molecular weight of the co...

While most currently available minimally invasive robotically assisted cardiac surgical systems do not employ 3D image guidance, such support can be generated using pre operative images such as CT. Previously we demonstrated a virtual model of the thorax with simulated surgical instruments, and a pulsating virtual model of the coronary arteries. In this paper we report the overlay of optical en...

A variety of treatments have been historically used to alleviate phantom limb pain (PLP) with varying efficacy. Recently, virtual reality (VR) has been employed as a more sophisticated mirror therapy. Despite the advantages of VR over a conventional mirror, this approach has retained the use of the contralateral limb and is therefore restricted to unilateral amputees. Moreover, this strategy di...

The PHANToM R © devices (SensAble Technologies Inc., MA, USA) provide the users in industry and academia with an opportunity for research and education in virtual reality, haptics, robot motion control and teleoperation. Traditionally, one has to develop C/C++ codes using the OpenHaptics R © software development kit (SDK) in order to use these devices. The PHANSIM Toolkit is an academic/non-com...