We constantly make small errors during movement and use them to adapt our future movements. Movement experiments often probe this error-driven learning by perturbing movements and analyzing the after-effects. Past studies have applied perturbations of varying nature such as visual disturbances, position- or velocity-dependent forces and modified inertia properties of the limb. However, little i...

purpose: to describe the clinical and photographic features of a patient who developed left homo-nymous hemianopia due to right occipital lobe hemorrhage after ingestion of sildenafil citrate (viagra). case report: a 63-year-old man was referred for acute blurred of vision in both eyes five hours after taking 50 mg viagra® (sildenafil citrate). visual field testing revealed left homonymous hemi...

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine whether or not problems with gait and balance occur when incorrect information is given visually. [Subjects and Methods] Fifty healthy adults wore goggles that caused visual distortion and viewing angle reduction, and their balance and gait velocities were measured in an upright position. The goggles could be set to three different levels of visual distor...

The sensation of facial swelling in temporal arteritis may be an important predictor of the development of visual disturbance. A clinical report of two patients who developed a sensation of puffiness of the face without altered facial appearance, as a presenting symptom of temporal arteritis with visual disturbance is presented. This symptom, though documented previously by us, has not been ide...

Objective To evaluate intraocular scattering in eyes with posterior capsule opacification by means of an objective scatter index (OSI) obtained from double-pass images of optical quality assessment system (OQAS TM II) and to determine the indication for laser capsulotomy when patients report visual disturbances without decreased visual acuity. Methods In this prospective, observational, and n...

Many authors have suggested that the negative effects of roads on animals are largely owing to traffic noise. Although suggestive, most past studies of the effects of road noise on wildlife were conducted in the presence of the other confounding effects of roads, such as visual disturbance, collisions and chemical pollution among others. We present, to our knowledge, the first study to experime...