The heart of the voltage stability problem is the voltage drop that occurs when the power system experiences a heavy load, and one serious type of voltage instability is voltage collapse. In this paper, a mechanism of the dynamic phenomenon of voltage collapse is presented from the physical point of view. It is shown that an iterative reaction of voltage drop between a dynamic load and the syst...

— Tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5) films are of considerable interest for a range of application, including optical waveguide devices, high temperature resistors, and oxygen sensors. In this paper, we establish an anode oxidation process of tantalum thin film. The voltage drop in the electrolyte is affected not in voltage change but in current change. If the voltage drop in the electrolyte is same wit...

Due to higher power and faster switching frequencies a very robust power distribution network is required. To achieve this the power distribution network needs to be modeled accurately at different stages of the design cycle. We present a methodology for the design and analysis of power distribution networks. The methodology covers the need for power grid analysis across all stages of the desig...

In this paper, a new control strategy is proposed for implementation in low-voltage microgrids with balanced/ unbalanced load circumstances. The proposed scheme contains, the power droop controllers, inner voltage and current loops, the virtual impedance loop, the voltage imbalance compensation. The proposed strategy balances the voltage of the single-phase critical loads by compensating the im...

Low voltage microgrids including sensitive loads often face unbalanced load conditions. Therefore, a compensation procedure should be carried out in order to balance and restore sensitive load’s voltage. In this paper, an effective voltage control strategy has been proposed for the autonomous operation of microgrids, under unbalanced load conditions.  The proposed strategy balances single-phase...

This paper presents a new framework for the day-ahead reactive power market based on the uniform auction price. Voltage stability and security have been considered in the proposed framework. Total Payment Function (TPF) is suggested as the objective function of the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) used to clear the reactive power market. Overload, voltage drop and voltage stability margin (VSM) are inc...

The switching lag-time and the voltage drop across the power devices cause serious waveform distortions and fundamental voltage drop in pulse width-modulated inverter output. These phenomenons are conspicuous when both the output frequency and voltage are low. To estimate the output voltage from the PWM reference signal it is essential to take account of these imperfections and to correct them....

For Silicon devices, the forward voltage drop of the pn-junction rectifier can not be reduced below about 0.8 volts even if the device is not required to block higher reverse voltage. In the case of the output rectifiers used in power supplies for computers and telecommunications, this voltage drop is a large fraction of the output voltage of 5V or less. This results in a loss in the power supp...

in SI units, where ρ is the electric charge density, c is the speed of light in the medium between r and r′ (assumed in this note to be vacuum), R = |r− r′|, and 0 is the permittivity of the vacuum. This convention follows Stratton [7], p. 352. A prominent application of the notion of voltage is in circuit analysis, where prescriptions exist for the “voltage drop” across various circuit element...