Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance seen in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, occurring in one-third to one-half of patients. Hyponatremia may be caused by cerebral salt wasting and by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or a combination of both. Limited data are available describing hyponatremia treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage ...

Background: Uterine bleeding is an important side effect of cesarean section which is due to non contractile uterine. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 10% dextrose (IV infusion) and 40 IU/L oxytocin (IV infusion) on uterine contraction. Materials and Methods: This research was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial (RCT) study. 120 women were equally included in the tw...

Background: The blood-boosting spleen contraction represents a potential protective response to hypoxia by raising the blood gas storage capacity. Human spleen contraction has been observed during exercise, apnea and simulated altitude resulting in ejection of stored red blood cells into circulation. High-altitude exposure has been shown to increase spleen contraction suggesting that long-term ...

Volume alteration in solid materials is a common cause of material failure. Here we investigate the crack formation in thin elastic layers attached to a substrate. We show that small variations in the volume contraction and substrate restraint can produce widely different crack patterns ranging from spirals to complex hierarchical networks. The networks are formed when there is no prevailing gr...

To study the effects of contraction mode on ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship, we compared the end-systolic pressure of isovolumic contraction with that of ejecting contraction at an identical end-systolic volume. The left ventricle of excised cross-circulated canine hearts was fitted with a water-filled balloon. The balloon was connected to a hydraulic pump that allowed the...

The radiological report of gall bladder contraction 60 minutes after fatty meal, was compared with the computed volume and contraction of gall bladder using Siffert's technique. Of 46 oral cholecystograms, 34 were reported to be normal and 12 as poor contraction. On computation only 14 were found to be normal and 32 showed poor contraction. The difference was statistically significant.