In this paper we present a very simple and yet effective algorithm to generate good codebook. In general VQ codebook generation algorithm focus on solving two problem(i)To reduce the computational complexity of code words search the building the codebook. (ii) Extra Computational overhead to calculate the measurement of codeword in codebooks..in this paper, a novel VQ codebook generation method...

Now, let us consider the case ofK = Kb with b ∈ (1,∞). For v ∈ R andQ ⊆ [d], let vQ denote the 6 projection of v to those dimensions inQ. Then for any v ∈ R, and any w ∈ Kb withQ = {i : wi 6= 7 0}, we know by Hölder’s inequality that 〈w,v〉 = 〈wQ,vQ〉 ≥ −‖w‖b · ‖vQ‖a , for a = b/(b− 1). 8 Moreover, one can have 〈wQ,vQ〉 = −‖w‖b · ‖vQ‖a , when |wi| /‖w‖b = |vi|/‖v‖a and 9 wivi ≤ 0 for every i ∈ Q. ...

This paper addresses the problem of efficiently transmitting the LSF speech parameters over a noisy channel using vector quantization (VQ). A comparison of some traditional memory VQ methods is performed, where we investigate what gains can be achieved by exploiting interframe correlation. By combining a predictive VQ with a fixed memoryless VQ, called the safety-net, further improvements in pe...

Vector Quantization (VQ) has its origins in signal processing where it is used for compact, accurate representation of input signals. However, since VQ induces a partitioning of the input space, it can also be used for statistical pattern recognition. In this paper we present a novel gradient descent VQ classi cation algorithm which minimizes the Bayes Risk, which we refer to as the Generalized...

We survey under a unified approach on the number of irreducible polynomials of given forms: xn + g(x) where the coefficient vector of g comes from an affine algebraic variety over Fq . For instance, all but 2 log n coefficients of g(x) are prefixed. The known results are mostly for large q and little is know when q is small or fixed. We present computer experiments on several classes of polynom...

The VQ motif-containing proteins (designated as VQ proteins) are a class of plant-specific proteins with a conserved and single short FxxhVQxhTG amino acid sequence motif. VQ proteins regulate diverse developmental processes, including responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, seed development, and photomorphogenesis. In this Update, we summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding...

OBJECTIVE Hepatic artery perfusion scintigraphy is a routine procedure for patient evaluation before Y-90 radiomicrosphere therapy and mostly used for prediction of extrahepatic leakage. Moreover, it also displays perfusion pattern of tumours, which is an important parameter on success of the therapy. The aim of this study is to assess the relation between the perfusion pattern on hepatic arter...

Previous studies have showed that the VQ motif-containing proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa play an important role in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, little is known about the functions of the VQ genes in Brassica rapa (Chinese cabbage). In this study, we performed genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the VQ genes in ...

In VQ based image compression technique has three major steps namely (i) Codebook Design, (ii) VQ Encoding Process and (iii) VQ Decoding Process. The performance of VQ based image compression technique depends upon the constructed codebook. A widely used technique for VQ codebook design is the Linde-Buzo-Gray (LBG) algorithm. However the performance of the standard LBG algorithm is highly depen...

Vector Quantisation (VQ) has been shown to be robust in speaker recognition systems which require a small amount of training data. However the conventional VQ-based method only uses distortion measurements and discards the sequence of quantised codewords. In this paper we propose a method which extends the VQ distortion method by combining it with the likelihood of the sequence of VQ indices ag...