Drinking water quality was investigated at source and corresponding point-of-use in 2 peri-urban areas receiving drinking water either by communal water tanker or by delivery directly from the distribution system to household-based groundtanks with taps. Water quality variables measured were heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, E. coli, conductivity, turbidity, pH, and total and residual ch...

BACKGROUND Poor hand hygiene on college campuses can be improved by promoting handwashing behavior. This observational study was conducted to evaluate gender and race/ethnic differences in hand hygiene practices among college students. METHODS Hand hygiene practices in college students were evaluated in 4 settings (soap and water; soap and water and visual prompts; soap and water and hand san...

BACKGROUND Lack of safe drinking water, basic sanitation, and hygienic practices are associated with high morbidity and mortality from excreta related diseases. The aims of this study were to determine the bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water and investigate the hygiene and sanitation practices of the consumers in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross sectional p...

The prevalence of Clostridium difficile spores was assessed in 48 observations of infected inpatients. Participants were randomized to hand hygiene with either alcohol-based handrub or soap and water. C difficile was recovered in 14.6% of pre-hand hygiene observations. It was still present on 5 of these 7 participants after hand hygiene (3/3 using alcohol-based handrub; 2/4 using soap and water).

OBJECTIVES Attitudes and practices concerning genital hygiene may influence topical microbicide use by men. This study examines knowledge and behaviours related to hygiene, genital hygiene, circumcision and hygiene, and to genital hygiene before and after sex among men in Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS We conducted 463 interviews of men recruited by respondent driven sampling techniques and 10 focus...

Artificial Hygiene is the thought taken from the concept of hygiene in daily life. Hygiene is an old concept related to medical, as well as to personal and professional practices that are taken to be care related to most aspects of living. Hygiene practices that are employed as preventative measures to less incidence and spreading of disease, like hand hygiene cleaning the hands before taking f...

background and purpose: school, as a reliable place in educating students, has an important role in training. the aim of this study was the assessment of environmental health of primary schools in norabad mamasani city of fars province. materials and methods: in this analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, all of 26 primary schools in norabad mamasani city were surveyed by using censu...

Hygiene refers to the science of the establishment and maintenance of (human) health. In everyday life, hygiene is closely associated with good housekeeping. This article will focus on home hygiene in relation to cleaning, on microorganisms, and on sustainable development of domestic technology. In domestic cleaning there are two beneficial effects: the aesthetic aspects of cleanness and the re...

Handwashing with soap effectively reduces exposure to diarrhea-causing pathogens. Interventions to improve hygiene and sanitation conditions in schools within low-income countries have gained increased attention; however, their impact on schoolchildren's exposure to fecal pathogens has not been established. Our trial examined whether a school-based water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention re...

Effective handwashing with soap requires reliable access to water supplies. However, more than three billion persons do not have household-level access to piped water. This research addresses the challenge of improving hand hygiene within water-constrained environments. The antimicrobial efficacy of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, a waterless hand hygiene product, was evaluated and compared with ...