Habitual physical activity is an important determinant of health, yet many people are considered to be inactive. Identification of the obstacles to greater participation is necessary for the development of strategies to overcome those obstacles. The weather has been identified as a perceived barrier to participation in physical activity, but exactly which adverse weather conditions are most imp...

INTRODUCTION Provision for the safety and health care of persons attending mass-gathering events presents unique challenges to organizers. This study was designed to determine the factors that contribute to patients seeking medical care during these events. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of patient care records for visits that occurred during race weekends at the Kansas Speedway ...

The local abundance of Culex mosquitoes is a central factor adding to the risk of West Nile virus transmission, and vector abundance data influence public health decisions. This study evaluated differences in abundance estimates from mosquitoes trapped using two common methods: CO2-baited CDC light traps and infusion-baited gravid traps in suburban, Chicago, Illinois. On a weekly basis, the two...

In China, 260 million people migrate to cities to realize their urban dreams. Despite that these migrants play an important role in the rapid urbanization process, many of them fail to settle down and eventually leave the city. The integration process of migrants thus raises an important issue for scholars and policymakers. In this paper, we use Shanghai as an example to investigate migrants’ b...

The purpose of this paper is to develop a general framework for the prediction of complex multiscale phenomena and to illustrate this framework through comparison to two examples of current interest to the authors. Prediction involves a two step process of inverse prediction to describe the system, given observations of its behavior, and forward prediction, to specify system behavior, given its...

In the transportation literature in general and the travel behaviour literature specifically, there is no consensus on the representation of weather in behavioural models, ranging from studies that use direct meteorological measurements, such a continuous variable for inches of rainfall or temperature, to indicator variables (which themselves are often subjectively derived) for qualitative weat...

background: industrialization and urbanization had a devastating impact on public health and caused an increase in health related morbidity and mortality. in fact, asthma is a chronic condition which is considered as one of the significant challenges of public health. in this study, we investigated the association of air pollution and weather conditions with excess emergency ward admissions of ...

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the validity of mesoscale numerical weather prediction modeling near the complex terrain at Aubrey Cliffs, Arizona, and to investigate the influence of the outer domain size employed on the computational results. Mesoscale Modeling v5 (MM5) was implemented to produce numerical wind data that was compared with experimental wind data. The results obtain...