Let (X, T) and (Y, S) be two subshifts so that Y is a factor of X. For any asymptotically sub-additive potential Φ on X and a = (a, b) ∈ R 2 with a > 0, b ≥ 0, we introduce the notions of a-weighted topological pressure and a-weighted equilibrium state of Φ. We setup the weighted variational principle. In the case that X, Y are full shifts with one-block factor map, we prove the uniqueness and ...

It is known that the neighborhood of a regular language with respect to an additive distance is regular. We introduce an additive weighted finite automaton model that provides a conceptually simple way to reprove this result. We consider the state complexity of converting additive weighted finite automata to deterministic finite automata. As our main result we establish a tight upper bound for ...

the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of principal components (pc) of the regression coefficients (co)variance matrix on the lactation curve, and on the formation of selection index to modify the curve, based on these pc’s, and as well to estimate additive genetic and phenotypic variances and heritability of the constructed selection index. lactation period of 301 d (5-305) ...

Let S be a set of n points and let w be a function that assigns non-negative weights to points in S. The additive weighted distance dw(p, q) between two points p, q ∈ S is defined as w(p) + d(p, q) + w(q) if p 6= q and it is zero if p = q. Here, d(p, q) denotes the (geodesic) Euclidean distance between p and q. A graph G(S,E) is called a t-spanner for the additive weighted set S of points if fo...

Let (X, T ) and (Y, S) be two subshifts so that Y is a factor of X. For any asymptotically sub-additive potential Φ on X and a = (a, b) ∈ R with a > 0, b ≥ 0, we introduce the notions of a-weighted topological pressure and a-weighted equilibrium state of Φ. We setup the weighted variational principle. In the case that X, Y are full shifts with one-block factor map, we prove the uniqueness and G...

We propose and compare methods of analysis for detecting associations between genotypes of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and a dichotomous secondary phenotype (X), when the data arise from a case-control study of a primary dichotomous phenotype (D), which is not rare. We considered both a dichotomous genotype (G) as in recessive or dominant models and an additive genetic model based on...

Hilbig and Moshagen (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21, 1431-1443, 2014) recently developed a method for making inferences about the decision processes people use in multi-attribute forced choice tasks. Their paper makes a number of worthwhile theoretical and methodological contributions. Theoretically, they provide an insightful psychological motivation for a probabilistic extension of the wid...

For many least-squares decomposition models efficient algorithms are well known. A more difficult problem arises in decomposition models where each residual is weighted by a nonnegative value. A special case is principal components analysis with missing data. Kiers (1997) discusses an algorithm for minimizing weighted decomposition models by iterative majorization. In this paper, we propose a m...

Supplier selection and allocating orders to supplier is a complex multi objective problem which includes both quantitative and qualitative factors. In order to achieve an efficient solution in the quantitative factors, a Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming [MOFLP] model with fuzziness in objective, resources, technological coefficient and resources for the proposed weighted additive model ...