In their comment, Haanes et al., suggest that CGRP could act through two distinct receptors in human coronary arteries; namely the CGRP receptor (CLR/RAMP1) and the AMY1 receptor (CTR/RAMP1). 1 Although there are other possible explanations, the presence of multiple CGRP receptor subtypes could explain their elegant data. In light of the active clinical development of blocking antibodies and sm...

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of chronic infections in humans. Curing H. pylori infection is difficult because of the habitat of the organism below the mucus adherent layer of gastric mucosa. Lactobacilli are known as acid-resistant bacteria and can remain in stomach for a long time than any other organism, we aimed in this study to examine the efficacy of Lactobacillus c...

Although ribavirin is minimally cleared by renal elimination, its pharmacokinetics are substantially altered in patients with chronic renal impairment. This open-label study assessed the pharmacokinetics of single 400-mg oral and intravenous (IV) doses of ribavirin in two healthy volunteers and 12 patients with varying degrees of chronic renal impairment. Blood and urine samples were collected ...

The aim of the present paper is to introduce the concept of joint common limit range property ((JCLR) property) for single-valued and set-valued maps in non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces. We also list some examples to show the difference between (CLR) property and (JCLR) property. Further, we establish common fixed point theorems using implicit relation with integral contractive condition. Se...

This research employs the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) paradigm to analyze structure, conduct, and performance of cocoa industry in Indonesia during 2012-2014 period. Concentration ratio four largest companies (CR4) minimum efficiency scale (MES) is used as an indicator market structure industry. The conduct explained by capital-labor (CLR). While seen from price-cost margin (PCM), inter...

BACKGROUND Myeloid inhibitory C-type lectin-like receptor (MICL, Clec12A) is a C-type lectin receptor (CLR) expressed predominantly by myeloid cells. Previous studies have suggested that MICL is involved in controlling inflammation. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of this CLR in inflammatory pathology using Clec12A(-/-) mice. METHODS Clec12A(-/-) mice were generated commercially and primari...

Receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMPs) are a family of single-pass transmembrane proteins that dimerize with G-protein-coupled receptors. They may alter the ligand recognition properties of the receptors (particularly for the calcitonin receptor-like receptor, CLR). Very little structural information is available about RAMPs. Here, an ab initio model has been generated for the extracellul...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the effects of two appliances on the en masse retraction of the anterior teeth anchored by temporary skeletal anchorage devices (TSADs). METHODS The sample comprised 46 nongrowing hyperdivergent adult patients who planned to undergo upper first premolar extraction using lingual retractors. They were divided into three groups, based on the lingual appliance us...

[Our article aims to identify principles to guide the High Court of Australia when it is considering whether or not to overrule one of its previous decisions in a common law setting. We introduce two accounts of overruling drawn from the scholarly literature on the subject and, in light of those accounts, we evaluate the approach to overruling taken by the Court in the recent common law case of...