The effects of different carbohydrates or mixtures of carbohydrates as substrates on bacterial growth and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were studied for the yoghurt starter culture Streptococcus thermophilus LY03. This strain produces two heteropolysaccharides with the same monomeric composition (galactose and glucose in the ratio 4:1) but with different molecular masses. Lactose and gluco...

OBJECTIVE We developed visual motion evoked potential (EP) measures related to navigational impairment in Alzheimer disease (AD) and have now applied these methods to explore the role of elementary perceptual and attentional mechanisms mediating these effects. METHODS Older adult (OA) control subjects and AD patients underwent visual motion perceptual testing, attentional performance monitori...

The endopeptidases (EPs) in wheat endosperms during seed germination and subsequent seedling growth were characterized by gradient-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with gelatin copolymerized into the gel. Four cysteine EPs (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) were detected in wheat endosperm during the 7d growth after seed imbibition. The results also showed that the activities of all these EPs increased ...

Previously, clinicians worked with antipsychotic drugs (conventional or typical) that almost invariably caused extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) at clinically effective doses. This led to the false impression that all antipsychotics were the same, and that EPS were an unavoidable consequence of effective antipsychotic therapy. EPS adversely impact several aspects of antipsychotic efficacy and toler...

Cyanobacterial blooms result in high level of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in water. The effects of bloom-forming cyanobacterial EPS on the distribution of Cd(II) in the interface between sediment and water is unknown. Clay is a main component in sediment. The effects of EPS, originated from a typical bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, on the adsorpt...

EPS formed by lactobacilli in situ during sourdough fermentation may replace hydrocolloids currently used as texturizing, antistaling, or prebiotic additives in bread production. In this study, a screening of >100 strains of cereal-associated and intestinal lactic acid bacteria was performed for the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from sucrose. Fifteen strains produced fructan, and four ...

Myxococcus xanthus, a Gram-negative soil bacterium, undergoes multicellular development when nutrients become limiting. Aggregation, which is part of the developmental process, requires the surface motility of this organism. One component of M. xanthus motility, the social (S) gliding motility, enables the movement of cells in close physical proximity. Previous studies demonstrated that the cel...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different parameters on exopolysaccharide (EPS) production from Enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens using seawater as a basal medium. For this purpose, the effect of carbon (sucrose, molasses, paraffin and sunflower oil) and nitrogen sources, NaCl concentration, incubation time, pH as well as seawater dilution or enrichment with disti...

Sir, Among the complications related to PD, the most serious and life-threatening one is encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS), with a reported mortality rate of more than 60% within 4 months of diagnosis w1±3x. The poor prognosis of EPS has had a negative impact on the acceptance of PD as an adequate alternative dialysis therapy to HD. This trend has been especially prominent in Japan where...

The Gram-negative soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus utilizes its social (S) gliding motility to move on surfaces during its vegetative and developmental cycles. It is known that S motility requires the type IV pilus (T4P) and the exopolysaccharide (EPS) to function. The T4P is the S motility motor, and it powers cell movement by retraction. As the key regulator of the S motor, EPS is proposed t...