Since pharmacological interactions of the renin-angiotensin system appear to alter the neurological outcome of stroke patients significantly, we examined the effect of elevated levels of angiotensin II and the role of its receptor subtype AT1 in brain infarction in transgenic mice after focal cerebral ischemia. Angiotensinogen-overexpressing and angiotensin receptor AT1 knockout mice underwent ...

Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is an important determinant of cardiac function. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and angiotensin (Ang) II levels increase after MI and both factors affect fibroblast functions. The type 1 (AT1) receptor that mediates most Ang II effects is upregulated after MI in cardiac fibroblasts, and there is evidence that this i...

The aims of this study were to determine the contribution of the AT2 receptor to the antihypertensive and regional vasodilatory effects of AT1 receptor blockade in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats, and sham-operated normotensive rats. Several studies have provided evidence to support the notion that the AT2 receptor may have opposing effects...

Telmisartan, a bifunctional agent of blood pressure lowering and glycemia reduction, was previously reported to antagonize angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor and partially activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) simultaneously. Through the modification to telmisartan, researchers designed and obtained imidazo-\pyridine derivatives with the IC50s of 0.49~94.1 nM against A...

Understanding functional interactions between G protein-coupled receptors is of great physiological and pathophysiological importance. Heteromerization provides one important potential mechanism for such interaction between different signalling pathways via macromolecular complex formation. Previous studies suggested a functional interplay between angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and Chemok...

The angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and Oncostatin M (OSM) control key pathways that may be important during placentation. Although interactions between them exist in other tissues, trophoblast cells have not been investigated. Extravillous trophoblast cells, SGHPL-4, were stimulated with 10 ng/ml TGFbeta1 +/- 100 ng/ml OSM for 24 h. Real-time P...

Objective: Different components of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) have been demonstrated in atherosclerotic plaques. However, the involvement of the RAS in in-stent restenosis is not clear. We studied the differential immunolocalisation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor in de-novo stenotic lesions and in-stent restenotic lesions in human cor...

Angiotensin II (ANGII) acting on ANGII type 1 (AT1) receptors in the solitary tract nucleus (NTS) depresses the baroreflex. Since ANGII stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), we tested whether the ANGII-mediated depression of the baroreflex in the NTS depended on NO release. In a working heart-brainstem preparation (WHBP) of rat NTS microinjection of either ANGII (500 fmol) or a NO donor ...

Our previous experiments demonstrated upregulation of the renin-angiotensin system in macrophages, including angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors, during transformation from monocytes. We investigated the role of angiotensin II in oxidative stress of monocytes/macrophages, which plays a role in the advance of atherosclerosis. THP1, a human monocytic leukemia cell line, was dif...