OBJECTIVES To estimate the national rate of early-term live births in Brazil and to evaluate the effect of birth at 37 and 38 weeks' gestation, as compared with 39 and 40 weeks' gestation on infant outcomes according to precursors of birth and the existence of maternal/fetal medical conditions. DESIGN National perinatal population-based cohort study. SETTING 266 maternity services located i...

BACKGROUND Childhood rotavirus diarrhea is still one of the major public health challenges. The present study aimed to determine changing characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in under-5 children at two periods of time. METHODS We enrolled 5,357 under-5 children with rotavirus positive in two different time periods; i) 1993-1997 (n = 2,493), and ii) 2008-2012 (n = 2,864) considering beginning...

OBJECTIVE To compare the intake of key indicator foods at age 12 months and 18 months between infants of Pakistani and White British origin. DESIGN Logistic regression was used to model associations between ethnicity and consumption of key indicator foods defined by high or low energy density using an FFQ at age 12 and 18 months. SETTING Born in Bradford 1000 study, Bradford, UK. SUBJECTS...

BACKGROUND Since 1990, reduction of tuberculosis (TB) mortality has been lower in South Africa than in other high-burden countries in Africa. This research investigated the influence of routinely captured demographic and clinical or programme variables on death in TB patients in the Free State Province. METHODS A retrospective review of case information captured in the Electronic TB register ...

BACKGROUND We investigated associations between maternal characteristics, access to care, and obstetrical complications including near miss status on admission or during hospitalization on perinatal outcomes among Indonesian singletons. METHODS We prospectively collected data on inborn singletons at two hospitals in East Java. Data included socio-demographics, reproductive, obstetric and neon...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to estimate the association between eczema in early childhood and the onset of asthma and rhinitis later in life in children. METHODS A total of 3,124 children aged 1-2 years were included in the Dampness in Building and Health (DBH) study in the year 2000, and followed up 5 years later by a parental questionnaire based on an International Study of Asthma and Aller...

Introduction and Aims. One of the most substantial costs of drug use is lost productivity and social functioning, including holding of a regular job.However, little is known about employment patterns of injection drug users (IDU).We sought to identify factors that were associated with legal employment among IDU. Design and Methods.We describe the employment patterns of participants of a longitu...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between parental report of intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental psychological distress (PPD) with child attainment of developmental milestones. METHODS By using data collected from a large cohort of primary care patients, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between parental report of IPV and/or PPD and the attainment of development...

Background. The objectives of this study were to determine the burden of underweight and intestinal parasitic infection in the urban and rural elementary school children. Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of malnutrition or intestinal parasites. Two independent samples' t-test was used to identify ...