OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential of circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL), isolated from apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice (E-/-LDL) and from LDL receptor-deficient mice (Lr-/-LDL), to induce foam cell formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Binding studies using COS-7 cells overexpressing CD36, J774 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) unexpectedly showed for the first time t...

Human low density lipoprotein (LDL) is prepared in the presence of antioxidants and is oxidized to different levels (measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) with copper ion. The effects of unoxidized LDL and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) on stress fiber formation, cell membrane ruffling, and pinocytosis (measured by [14C]sucrose uptake) in cultured human umbilical cord vein endothelial cell...

OBJECTIVE We examined the usefulness of the serum total cholesterol (TC)/triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C)/TG ratios for predicting the presence of small, dense LDL, by comparing them with the established indicators of small, dense LDL, such as the LDL-migration index (LDL-MI) and LDL-C/Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) ratio. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fasting serum lipid was analyzed in 99 Jap...

Macrophage binding sites for oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) include class A scavenger receptors (SR-As), the CD-36 molecule, and an additional but hitherto unidentified binding site. Because cell-surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were previously shown to be involved in the cellular uptake of native LDL and lipoprotein(a), several strategies to assess the participation of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondro...

The addition of neutral sphingomyelinase from S. aureus to the medium of rat intestinal epithelial cell cultures (IEC-6) containing added human low density lipoprotein (LDL) resulted in two- to fivefold increases in LDL uptake and degradation. This overall effect was shown to be the combined result of sphingomyelinase activity on the composition of the LDL particle and a separate action directl...

BACKGROUND With the emergence of new lipid-lowering therapies, more patients are expected to achieve substantial lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, there are limited data examining the clinical experience of patients with low (<1.3 mmol/L) or very low (<0.65 mmol/L) levels of LDL-C. To provide information on patients with low LDL-C, we identified and characterized...

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) from patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) caused 78-286% increase in accumulation of cholesterol in human aortic subendothelial cells compared to 2-17% caused by LDL from normal subjects. Ricin-Sepharose affinity chromatography was used to separate LDL into two subfractions, one sialic acid-rich (SAR) and the other sialic acid-poor (SAP). SAP-LDL from CHD pat...

Plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) transport kinetics were determined from the disappearance of 125I-LDL injected into age- and weight-matched groups of 13 normal subjects, 20 mild diabetics, and 8 moderately severe diabetic patients (fasting plasma glucose less than 150 and greater than 150 mg/100 ml, respectively). In mild diabetics, LDL apo-lipoprotein-B (apo-B) synthetic rate (SR) was sig...