the agriculture sector has been affected by severe drought in recent years, making development of a drought warning system for agriculture crucial. such a system can be a useful tool for policy makers and investors. this research develops a model for agricultural drought risk assessment using statistical and intelligent methods. kermanshah province, a major rain-fed region of iran, was selected...

Sustainable groundwater management requires an accurate characterization of aquifer-storage change over time. This process begins with analysis historical water levels at observation wells. However, water-level records can be sparse, particularly in developing areas. To address this problem, we developed imputation method to approximate missing monthly averaged groundwater-level observations in...

This manuscript aims to develop a new multivariate composite index for monitoring agricultural drought. To achieve this, the AVHRR, VIIRS, CHIRPS data series over period of 40 years, rainfall and crop yield as references were used. Variables include parameters vegetative stress (SVCI, PV, SMN), water (PCI, RDI, NRDI), heat (SMT, TCI, STCI), variable related environmental conditions was calculat...

Abstract. Annual and seasonal temperature, precipitation, drought index (SPI – standard precipitation index, SPEI evapotranspiration Z PDSI Palmer Drought Severity Index) series covering the Czech Lands territory (now Republic) over 520 years (1501–2020 CE) reconstructed from documentary data combined with instrumental observations were analysed herein. The temperature exhibits a statistically ...

به دنبال شیوع ویروس کرونا در جهان، بسیاری از تعاملات رسمی آموزشی سمت برگزاری بستر محیط مجازی سوق یافت و ادامة فرایند آموزش معماری نیز همانند همة دوره‌های آموزشی، دلیل تعطیلی دانشگاه‌ها، تنها برخط ممکن گشت. این میان کارگاه‌های طراحی معماری، منزلة کانون ویژگی‌های منحصربه‌فردی دارند که را سایر رشته‌های دانشگاهی جدا کرده است. نمونة بارزی یک مشارکتی، چندحسی، تجربه‌گرای مبتنی بر مسئله همین ویژگی‌ها م...

فضای باز مدارس ازجمله فضاهای مهم آن‌ها و محل فعالیت‌هایی چون بازی آموزش است دانش‌آموزان مهارت‌های تحصیلی، محیطی، اجتماعی را در آن می‌آموزند، بنابراین باید تابع مشخصاتی خاص پاسخ‌گوی همۀ نیازهای باشد. اینکه آسایش حرارتی از اساسی‌ترین نیاز برای حضور حیاط است، تأمین ضروری می‌نمایاند. تعیین محدودۀ امری پیچیده مشابه، بسته به تنوع افراد، تجربیات، انتظارات، فرهنگ، سن، جنسیت آن‌ها، متفاوت است. پژوهش حاض...

Appalachian riverscour woodlands are intermittently flooded areas along high-energy rivers characterized by exposed bedrock and poorly developed sandy soils, high plant diversity, scattered stunted trees. These sites can be negatively impacted dam construction alterations to river hydrology, trampling associated with riverside recreation activities, non-native species. In West Virginia, little ...

Abstract. Trees record climatic conditions during their growth, and tree rings serve as proxy to reveal the features of historical climate a region. In this study, we collected tree-ring cores hemlock forest (Tsuga forrestii) from northwestern Yunnan area southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP) created residual width (TRW) chronology. An analysis relationship between growth revealed that precipitat...