The extent and effect of disease interaction and pathogen exchange between wild and farmed fish populations is an ongoing debate and an area of research that is difficult to explore. The objective of this study was to investigate pathogen transmission between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations in Norway by means of molecular epidemiology. Piscine reovirus (PRV) was sel...

In the present study, twenty-four Duroc × Landrance × Yorkshire (initial body weight (BW) of 21·82 (sem 2·06) kg) cross-bred pigs were used to determine whether dietary vitamin D supplementation could confer protection against viral infections through the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signalling pathway in pigs. Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial manner with the...

Marek's disease virus (MDV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) cross-reacted by fluorescent antibody test but not by gel diffusion, virus neutralization, or cross-protection tests. Herpesvirus of turkeys cross-reacted with MDV but not with PRV. Other herpesviruses tested did not have cross-reactions.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) represents a leading threat to the global pig industry. Generally, pigs exhibit pronounced age resistance against PRV, and generally does not cause severe clinical signs even death in old pigs. However, we characterized two PRV strains (HeN21 HuB20) associated with respiratory neuronal Among these strains, HeN21 was isolated from tonsil of 24-week-old that died PRV-outb...

The UL3.5 gene is positionally conserved but highly variable in size and sequence in different members of the Alphaherpesvirinae and is absent from herpes simplex virus genomes. We have shown previously that the pseudorabies virus (PrV) UL3.5 gene encodes a nonstructural protein which is required for secondary envelopment of intracytoplasmic virus particles in the trans-Golgi region. In the abs...

BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a bladder disease that causes debilitating pelvic pain of unknown origin, and IC/PBS symptoms correlate with elevated bladder lamina propria mast cell counts. Similar to IC/PBS patients, pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection in mice induces a neurogenic cystitis associated with bladder lamina propria mast cell accumulation and p...

The molecular mechanisms underlying the directional neuron-to-epithelial cell transport of herpesvirus particles during infection are poorly understood. To study the role of the viral glycoprotein D (gD) in the directional spread of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection, a culture system consisting of sympathetic neurons or epithelial cells in different compartments ...

The objectives of this study were to identify the mechanism(s) of pseudorabies virus (PrV)-induced down-regulation of porcine class I molecules and the viral protein(s) responsible for the effect. The ability of PrV to interfere with the peptide transport activity of TAP was determined by an in vitro transport assay. In this assay, porcine kidney (PK-15) cells were permeabilized with streptolys...

BACKGROUND Several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV), establish lifelong latency in neurons of the trigeminal ganglion (TG). Although it is thought that efficient establishment of alphaherpesvirus latency is based on a subtle interplay between virus, neurons and the immune system, it is not clear which immune components are of major import...

Cell surface proteoglycans, in particular those carrying heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, play a major role in primary attachment of herpesviruses to target cells. In pseudorabies virus (PrV), glycoprotein gC has been shown to represent the major heparan sulfate-binding virion envelope protein (T. C. Mettenleiter, L. Zsak, F. Zuckermann, N. Sugg, H. Kern, and T. Ben-Porat, J. Virol. 64:278-2...