Introduction NOx Storage-Reduction (NSR) catalytic systems and urea-SCR are both considered viable solutions for the NOx removal under lean conditions. In NSR systems (e.g. PtBa/Al2O3) the removal of NOx is realized under cyclic conditions, by alternating long lean periods during which NOx are adsorbed on the catalyst with short excursions under rich conditions during which the stored NOx are r...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and black carbon (BC) emission factors (EF) of 440 on-road diesel trucks were determined by conducting on-road chasing studies in Beijing and Chongqing, China, in the winter 2010. NOx and BC EF distributions are reported. The median NOx EFs for trucks sampled on level roads in Chongqing and Beijing are 40.0 and 47.4 g kg-fuel 1, respectively. The median BC EFs are 1.1 and ...

Significant relationships among morphology, behavior, performance and fitness have long served as bona fide evidence for the role of selection in shaping natural populations. Here, I discuss how studies of ecological performance, or how organisms perform in nature, provide an ecological context for such selection studies. Laboratory studies assume that the level of performance expressed under "...

The formation of organic nitrates (RONO2) represents an important NOx (NOx=NO+NO2) sink in the remote and rural continental atmosphere, thus impacting ozone production and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. In these remote and rural environments, the organic nitrates are primarily derived from biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) such as isoprene and monoterpenes. Although there ...

Biodiesel fuels have the potential to become a reliable substitute for diesel which is used moderately to meet the current energy demands. This fuel can be produced from new or used vegetable oils, non-edible sources and animal fats, which are non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable. In spite of the many advantages of using biodiesel, most of the researchers have reported that they produce highe...

This study was carried out to investigate the possible role of increased nitric oxide (NO) production in the development of the low iron status in strenuously exercised rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sedentary (S1), sedentary + nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; S2), exercise (E1), and exercise + L-NAME (E2). Animals in the E1 and E2 groups swam for ...

Aim: The present study attempted to reduce NOx emissions in the exhaust of low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine, with an air gap insulated piston with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown, an air gap insulated liner with superni insert and ceramic coated cylinder head with crude pongamia oil (CPO, a non-edible vegetable oil) with varied injection pressure and injection timing using the principl...

Introduction Lean NOx Traps (LNTs) represent a viable solution for the abatement of NOx emissions from lean–burn engines [1]. Several studies were published on the mechanisms of both the NOx storage [1] and reduction [2], but a complete understanding of these processes has not yet been achieved. We have previously shown that on Pt-Ba/Al2O3 LNT systems the reduction of nitrates by H2 involves a ...