INTRODUCTION Acute cholangitis (AC) is a clinical diagnosis entity. A high prevalence of acute inflammatory changes (AIC) are found in hepatic needle biopsies (HB) in these patients. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of AIC in HB performed on patients with AC due to biliary stones. METHODS Cross-sectional study. Surgery was performed at the Hospital Regional of Temuco. Patie...

Ecological data sets often use clustered sampling, or use repeated sampling in a longitudinal design. Choosing the correct covariance structure is an important step in the analysis of such data, as the covariance dictates the degree of similarity among repeated observations. Three methods for choosing the covariance are: Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), the quasi-information criterion (QIC...

Small unmanned four-rotor helicopter (four-rotor) is a kind of noncoaxial, multirotor, dished vehicle with vertical take off and landing (VTOL) ability. Due to the complexity, strong coupling and sensitivity effects on the environment of four-rotor’s dynamic model, the controller must have high quality of robust and adaptive. According to these requirements, a lot of control theory have been pr...

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity. As AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in muscle metabolism during exercise, we investigated the effects of the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) on insulin action in insulin-resistant high-fat-fed (HF) rats. Rats received a subcutaneous injection of 250 mg/kg AICAR (HF-AIC) or saline (HF-...

This event-related functional MRI study examines the neural correlates of vibrotactile sensation within the context of different psychophysical demands. Nine subjects received vibrotactile stimuli on the right volar forearm during detection, localization, and passive tasks. In the detection task, subjects indicated the offset (end) of each stimulus by pressing a response key with their left han...

A major challenge of microarray analysis is to detect genes whose expression in a single or small number of tissues is significantly different than in other tissues. The tissue-specificity provides an essential reference to identify tissue-specific drug targets. Several methods were used for the purpose: For example, Shannon information theoretic entropy was used for ranking genes according to ...

The two most popular model selection rules in the signal processing literature have been the Akaike’s criterion AIC and the Rissanen’s principle of minimum description length MDL. These rules are similar in form in that they both consist of data and penalty terms. Their data terms are identical, but the penalties are different, the MDL being more stringent toward overparameterization. The AIC p...

Despite extensive investigations, some patients have no identifiable cause for their cholestatic liver enzyme abnormalities. The aim of this study was to document the clinical, laboratory, radiologic and histologic features of adult patients with idiopathic cholestasis (AIC). A computerised database of referred patients to a tertiary care hospital outpatient department for assessment of hepatob...

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) can protect cardiomyocytes against anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC) through paracrine effects. Nonetheless the paracrine effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPSC-MSCs) on AIC are poorly understood. In vitro studies reveal that doxorubicin (Dox)-induced reactive oxidative stress (ROS) generation an...

An extremely compact, low-power instrument controller and data processor system has been developed for space-based applications. Known as the Advanced Instrument Controller (AIC), this hybrid device contains both digital and analog components in a package less than 5 grams in weight and 2 x 3 cm in size. Based on the Intel 8031/51 microprocessor and implementing a superset of the 8051 instructi...