Conventional biological treatment process is not very efficient for the treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) that contains high-concentration of organic contaminants. Prior to biological treatment, an additional pretreatment process for PRW is required for the effluent to meet the discharge standards. While re-circulated bio-filter (RBF) has been applied as a pretreatment process in...

Recent studies have suggested a role for P2 purinoceptors on vascular smooth muscle cells in the mechanism of renal autoregulation. Experiments were performed in anesthetized dogs (n = 9) to examine renal blood flow (RBF) autoregulatory efficiency before and after saturation of P2 purinoceptors with acute intra-arterial administration of ATP (1 mg/kg per min). Dogs were pretreated with the nitr...

A method is described for using Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks to generate a certainty factor reliability measure along with the network's normal output. The certainty factor approach is then compared with another technique for measuring RBF reliability, Parzen windows. Both methods are implemented into RBF networks, and the results of using each approach are compared. Advantages a...

In this paper we investigate the use of compactly supported RBF kernels for nonlinear function estimation with LS-SVMs. The choice of compact kernels recently proposed by Genton may lead to computational improvements and memory reduction. Examples however illustrate that compactly supported RBF kernels may lead to severe loss in generalization performance for some applications, e.g. in chaotic ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator substance controlling renal papillary blood flow (PBF) in the rat. In this study we have evaluated the role of AT1 angiotensin II receptors as modulators of the whole kidney and papillary vasoconstrictor effects induced by the acute or chronic inhibition of NO synthesis. Experiments have been performed in anesthetized, euvolemic Munich-Wistar rats prepared for...

This paper presents a new sequential multi-category classifier using radial basis function (SMC-RBF) network for real-world classification problems. The classification algorithm processes the training data one by one and builds the RBF network starting with zero hidden neuron. The growth criterion uses the misclassification error, the approximation error to the true decision boundary and a dist...

Pressure-dependent urine production is considered to be a major factor in long-term blood pressure control. The phenomenon has been well characterized for fixed levels of renal perfusion pressure (RPP), but the influence of physiological fluctuations in RPP and spontaneous variations in renal blood flow (RBF) on short-term urine flow (UV) remain unclear. To clarify this issue, we studied the in...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections for macular edema secondary to acute branch retinal vein occlusion on the retinal microcirculation. METHODS The study was a prospective, interventional case series. Central macular thickness using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and retinal blood flow (RBF) in untreated eyes with macular edema secondar...

In a radial basis function (RBF) network, the RBF centers and widths can be evolved by a cooperative-competitive genetic algorithm. The set of genetic strings in one generation of the algorithm represents one REP network, not a population of competing networks. This leads to moderate computation times for the algorithm as a whole. Selection operates on individual RBFs rather than on whole netwo...

The response surface methodology (RSM), which typically uses quadratic polynomials, is predominantly used for metamodeling in crashworthiness optimization because of the high computational cost of vehicle crash simulations. Research shows, however, that RSM may not be suitable for modeling highly nonlinear responses that can often be found in impact related problems, especially when using limit...