Gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift are processes that play a major role in shaping the genetic structure of natural populations. In addition, genetic structures of individual populations are strongly correlated with their geographical position within the species distribution area. The highest levels of genetic variation are usually found in the centre of a species' distribution and ...

Background: Homoeopathic mother tinctures and herbal extracts are used worldwide for medicinal purposes on the basis that the plant extract contains the active components essential for medicinal use. Quality analysis of samples ensures that the correct active components are present for medicinal use. Thin layer chromatography has been used extensively to determine the quality of plant extracts ...

5-Fluorouracil is reported as the second most common chemotherapeutic agent after anthracyclines causing cardiotoxicity. Thirty male albino rats were divided into three groups. Rats in group I received saline daily for 8 days only and served as the control. Rats in group II received saline orally for 8 days, then administrated with 5-Fluorouracil (150mg\ kg B.W\once I.P injection at the 5 day)....