Data from two case control studies in Oxfordshire were combined and analysed. The combined study covered 1940 subjects, 723 cases, and 1217 controls, between the ages of 50 and 79 with a response rate of 97% for cases and 94% for controls. Diabetes was shown to be a powerful and highly significant risk factor for cataract with a relative risk of 5.04. More than 11% of cataracts in Oxfordshire a...

It is well known that the feeding ad libitum of high protein diets to rats over a period varying from several days to several weeks produces an increase in the activities of enzymes involved in amino acid catabolism (3-8). Studies in our laboratory have shown that at least two amino -acid-catabolizing enzymes, threonine dehydrase and ornithine transaminase, can be elevated to high levels within...

Many different laboratories are currently developing mass-spectrometric techniques to analyze and identify microorganisms. However, minimal work has been done with mixtures of bacteria. To demonstrate that microbial mixtures could be analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), mixed bacterial cultures were analyzed in a double-blind fashion. Nine differ...

The non-recombining nature of the Y chromosome and the well-established phylogeny of Y-specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) make them useful for defining haplogroups with high geographical specificity; therefore, they are more apt than the Y-STRs to detect population stratification in admixed populations from diverse continental origins. Different Y-SNP typing strategies have been ...

CONTEXT Previous studies report that pressure ulcer classification and differentiation from incontinence associated dermatitis are difficult. Incorrect classification and differentiation result in incorrect prevention and treatment. Education is important to spread evidence-based insights about this topic and to improve classification skills. AIM To assess the effectiveness of the Pressure Ul...

A centrifugal force-based adhesion assay has been used to quantitatively examine the kinetics of formation of cell-cell contacts mediated specifically by expression of E-cadherin under the control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter in mouse fibroblasts. Analysis of cells expressing maximal or minimal levels of E-cadherin showed that the strength of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion developed in ...

Because virtual reality (VR) shares common features with video games, consumer content is usually classified according to traditional game genres and standards. However, VR offers different experiences based on the medium's unique affordances. To account for this disparity, article presents a comparative analysis of titles from Steam digital store across three platform types: only, supported, n...

In this paper, Inconel 718 (IN718) superalloy was processed by laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing (L-PBFAM), followed heat treatment. High-resolution nanoindentation used to investigate the complex deformation mechanisms that occurred at various length scales in both conditions. The elastoplastic maps show a strong crystal orientation dependency of modulus and hardness, which is att...

A convergent algorithm for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with orthogonality constraints imposed on both basis and coefficient matrices is proposed in this paper. This concept was first introduced by Ding et al. (Proceedings of 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference knowledge discovery data mining, pp 126–135, 2006) intent to further improve clustering capability NMF. However, as the ...

We report on the response of semidilute shear-banding wormlike micelles to time-dependent flow protocols such as step stress and shear startup. use global rheology coupled with direct optical visualizations in Taylor–Couette provide a detailed 2D description spatiotemporal dynamics banding under imposed stress. compare these their extensively studied counterpart an rate. show that, for given as...