The paper presents an analysis of the genesis German Fascism and Nazism. ways factors (socio-economic, role education, position Church) that contributed to wild spread extremist ideology Nazism racism among masses people are examined. Having formed a hatred Russians, Soviet “subhumans” fanatical devotion, provided ideological basis for genocide during Great Patriotic War 1941–1945. continuity i...

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The relationship between the prolonged use of pneumatic powered tools and the development of Raynaud's phenomenon was first described by Loriga (1911), and subsequently by Hunter, McLaughlin, and Perry (1945), and by Lindqvist and Flemberg (1945). This association with high frequency vibratory tools was later extended to other industrial processes. Telford, McCann, and MacCormack (1945) and Aga...

The control of salicylate therapy by frequent estimation of the blood level requires a simple method suitable for use in a routine clinical laboratory. The method of Brodie. Udenfriend, and Coburn (1944) is generally accepted on account of its accuracy but is somewhat too laborious for a large number of estimations. A number of other methods are known but none has found general acceptance. Some...

Religion played a prominent role in the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945–1952) that followed the brutal Pacific War (1941–1945). Officially, the occupiers were to promulgate religious freedom, separate religion from the state, and encourage the Japanese people to develop a ‘desire for religious freedom’. Promulgating religious freedom was the easy part. Separating religion from the state withou...

The research on off-line electronic cash(e-cash) schemes has drawn much attention since Chaum etc [8] presented the first off-line anonymous electronic cash scheme in 1988. However, anonymous electronic cash schemes also facilitate fraud and criminal activities [32], such as money laundering, blackmailing and illegal purchases. Frankel etc [13]. first introduces the concept of fair electronic c...

The fairness of data exchange becomes a key factor for the transaction over the Internet. To ensure the fairness of data exchange, the protocol needs a trusted third party be a judge when the dispute occurs, and has to give a guarantee to main parties during the data exchange. To eliminate the third party’s connectional time and enhance its security, a fair-exchange protocol based on off-line s...

In England and Wales, the emergence of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis resulted in the largest and most persistent epidemic of foodborne infection attributable to a single subtype of any pathogen since systematic national microbiological surveillance was established. We reviewed 67 years of surveillance data to examine the features, underlying causes, and overall effects of S. enterica ...