In light of the chance that the plate will be saved by a sudden gust of hot air, what should we say about the truth conditions of the ordinary conditional (1b)? Some theories predict that (1b) is true. For instance, Lewis 1973b says that the plate being saved by friendly air currents is a remarkable low-probability event, and that worlds where such events happen are farther away than worlds whe...

Moore, Paul E., Thomas Lahiri, Johanne D. Laporte, Trudi Church, Reynold A. Panettieri, Jr., and Stephanie A. Shore. Selected Contribution: Synergism between TNF-a and IL-1b in airway smooth muscle cells: implications for b-adrenergic responsiveness. J Appl Physiol 91: 1467–1474, 2001.—In human cultured airway smooth muscle cells, interleukin (IL)-1b increases cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression ...

The effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 rhIL-1 beta (rhIL-1b) on hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy in a primate model were investigated. Cynomolgus monkeys received 1 microgram/kg/day rhIL-1b intravenously for 2, 7, and 14 days following 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment (75 mg/kg x 2 days). Compared with controls, a significantly shortened time to achieve an absolute neutrophi...

BACKGROUND The spectrum of side effects related to interferon beta-1b (INF-1b) treatment may compromise long-term adherence. METHODS Five INF-1b-treated multiple sclerosis patients with poor skin tolerability and clinical stability were instructed to dissolve the established (250 μg) INF-1b dose in half (0.5 mL) the standard diluent (1.0 mL, 0.54% sodium chloride solution), and were followed ...

Abstract Breast cancer bone metastasis is currently incurable, ~75% of patients with late-stage breast develop disease recurrence in and available treatments are only palliative. We have previously shown that production the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1B (IL-1B) by cells drives preclinical vivo models. In current study, we investigated how IL-1B from tumour microenvironment interact t...

Outside-in integrin alphaIIbbeta3 signaling is required for normal platelet thrombus formation and is triggered by c-Src activation through an unknown mechanism. In this study, we demonstrate an essential role for protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-1B in this process. In resting platelets, c-Src forms a complex with alphaIIbbeta3 and Csk, which phosphorylates c-Src tyrosine 529 to maintain c-Sr...

Despite the progress made in the early detection and treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma, the metastatic lesions from this tumor are incurable. We used genome-wide expression analysis of human prostate cancer cells with different metastatic behavior in animal models to reveal that bone-tropic phenotypes upregulate three genes encoding for the cytokine interleukin-1b (IL-1b), the chemokine CXCL...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have identified a polymorphism in the endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE)-1b promoter (-338C/A) that is strongly associated with hypertension in women. The polymorphism is located in a consensus binding sequence for the E2F family of transcription factors. E2F proteins are crucially involved in cell-cycle regulation, but their roles in cardiovascular function are poorly...

Qa-1b binds a peptide (AMAPRTLLL), referred to as Qdm (for Qa-1 determinant modifier), derived from the signal sequence of murine class Ia molecules. This peptide binds with high affinity and accounts for almost all of the peptides associated with this molecule. Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E, a homologue of Qa-1b, binds similar peptides derived from human class Ia molecules...