Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas spp., is one of the most important diseases tomato in Illinois. Field surveys were conducted during 2017–19 to assess occurrence bacterial spot commercial fields. Severity foliage and fruit infection was recorded, symptomatic samples collected from three-to-five cultivars three different farms each northern, central, southern regions ranged 0% 91% (average ...

introduction: today, production of organic farming and gardening is rising. the use of organic fertilizers such as animal manure has a long history. in recent years, the use of fertilizers and manure for providing the nutritional needs of plants, improve soil physical and chemical structure and reduce the environmental issues have been observed. animal manures can increase soil organic matter a...

The ability of a confocal microscope to inspect for defects on EUVL mask blanks has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. A model was developed to predict the image contrast of a confocal microscope. Measurements were made on PSL spheres and programmed multilayer defects using a Lasertec M1350 operating with 488 nm light. The images obtained of PSL spheres on both fused silic...

BACKGROUND In 1994 the Dutch Supreme Court ruled that in exceptional instances, physician-assisted suicide might be justifiable for patients with unbearable mental suffering but no physical illness. We studied physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia in psychiatric practice in the Netherlands. METHODS In 1996, we sent questionnaires to 673 Dutch psychiatrists - about half of all such special...

The recent reconstruction of the Sahelanthropus tchadensis cranium (TM 266-01-60-1) provides an opportunity to examine in detail differences in cranial shape between this earliest-known hominid, African apes, and other hominid taxa. Here we compare the reconstruction of TM 266-01-60-1 with crania of African apes, humans, and several Pliocene hominids. The results not only confirm that TM 266-01...