Male Wistar rats weighing 100 g received 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (25 mg/kg) s.c.) twice a week for 2 months and once a week thereafter for an additional 4 months. Groups of four to six rats were sacrificed monthly. Paraffin sections of duodenum were prepared and stained with periodic acid-Schiff and hematoxylin for cell counts and with toluidine blue for measuring nucleolar area. As an index of v...

Acetylcholine (AcCho) was applied electrophoretically to cells of isolated rabbit superior cervical ganglia, and the response was recorded by means of intracellular recording techniques. In the presence of d-tubocurarine (5 micron), AcCho applied by tetanic current pulses elicited three distinct membrane potential changes: a slow depolarization, a slow hyperpolarization, and a biphasic response...

We describe a method that permits the collection of very small samples (2 nl) from precisely defined positions within the gastric mucus of anesthetized mice. This method was used to study the in vivo local distribution of bacteria within the mucus of Helicobacter felis-infected mice. A total of 200 samples from 40 mice were analyzed. Each sample was microscopically analyzed, within less than 1 ...

The total fibrous and nonfibrous mineral content of the lung has been analyzed in a series of 14 men with lung cancer but no history of occupational dust exposure, and in a series of 14 control men matched for age, smoking history, and general occupational class. The lung cancer patients had an average of 525 +/- 369 X 10(6) exogenous mineral particles and 17.4 +/- 19.6 X 10(6) exogenous minera...

This paper examines various techniques that have been developed to measure flow fields in microfluidic devices with 10 – 10 micron-scale spatial resolution. These techniques include Scalar Image Velocimetry (SIV), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are presented. PIV results are presented for a liquid flow thro...

Blood microvessels in the membraneous lateral wall of the cochlea were examined using intravital microscopic techniques. A video analysis system made serial diameter measurements at 1 micron intervals along the length of selected vessel segments during four experimental conditions. For each vessel segment, the serial measurements were statistically converted into a single diameter estimate, suc...

The benefits of sub-2 micron particle size columns have been widely researched and published. The use of these columns on ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) instrumentation may lead to increased efficiencies and higher throughput. However, these instruments may not be readily available to the pharmaceutical chemist. Within the past year, a practical alternative has been introduced...

We numerically investigate the migration of dust particles with initial orbits close to those of the numbered asteroids, observed trans-Neptunian objects, and comet Encke. The fraction of silicate asteroidal particles that collided with the Earth during their lifetime varied from 11% for 100 micron particles to 0.008% for 1 micron particles. Almost all asteroidal particles with diameter d >/= 4...

We demonstrate on-chip, single-mode, waveguiding of light in air for a variety of 2D-3D photonic band gap (PBG) heterostructures. These include square spiral, woodpile, slanted pore, and inverse opal three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals intercalated with a 2D (planar) photonic crystal microchip. Design rules are established to yield maximal single-mode waveguiding bandwidths of up to roughl...

Abstract Objective: To evaluate antibiotic prescribing behavior (APB) among physicians with various specialties in five Asian countries. Design: Survey of antibiotics three stages (initial, on-treatment, and de-escalation stages). Methods: Participants included internists, infectious diseases (ID) specialists, hematologists, intensivists, surgeons. Participants’ characteristics, patterns APB, p...