2 Rings and Polynomials 30 2.1 Rings, Integral Domains and Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.2 Ideals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.3 Quotient Rings and Homomorphisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.4 The Characteristic of a Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.5 Polynomial Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.6 Ga...

A single splat is the building block of a thermal spray coating; thus, investigating single splats is essential to understanding thermal spray coatings and their properties. In this study, the spreading behavior and the morphology of flame sprayed ethylene methacrylic acid (EMAA) splats, deposited at various stand-off distances (SODs) onto glass and mild steel substrates were investigated using...

To determine the effects of prolonged exercise on systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, we studied 21 athletes before, at the finish (within 11 +/- 5 min), and during recovery (28 +/- 9 hr) after the Hawaii Ironman Triathlon (2.4 mile swim, 112 mile bike, 26.2 mile run). Two-dimensionally guided M mode echocardiograms were digitized for wall thickness, cavity dimension, fractional s...

BACKGROUND Local excision for T1 rectal cancers with Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) is an accepted standard of care. However for T2/T3 rectal cancers, the high local failure indicates that this is not a valid option. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1990 and 2000, 83 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma underwent complete full thickness local excision. The mean diameter of the tumor was ...

Between May, 1988, and July, 1992, the University of Missouri Plant Nematode Diagnostic Laboratory collected data on Heterodera glycines populations in Missouri by offering diagnostic services to soybean farmers. A greenhouse bioassay (free), egg count ($10/sample), and race determination test ($25) were conducted by request on soil samples submitted to the lab. Each test was offered for a spec...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of oxygen (O₂) flow rate on the corresponding delivered fraction of oxygen (FiO₂) during positive pressure ventilation (PPV) when using a neonatal self-inflating bag (SIB). METHODS Fifteen health care professionals administered PPV at a respiratory rate of 40 to 60 breaths per minute and at peak inspiratory pressures of 25 and 35 cm H₂O to a manikin by using ...

The biparietal diameter (BPD) in 202 rural Tanzanian newborns was measured and correlated to maturity and body weight. The mean BPD at birth was 9.0 cm. The average body weight was 2642 g. Fetal maturity was determined by Petrussa score, serving as an estimate for gestational age. The mean gestational age of the 202 newborns was 39 weeks. The average body weight of the mature babies (gestationa...

OBJECTIVES To identify presenting symptoms, growth patterns, and outcomes of head and neck plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1); to determine which patients may benefit most from operative intervention in terms of duration of disease-free progression, perioperative morbidity, identification of malignancy, and symptom relief. DESIGN A retrospective rev...

3 Abstract Algebra 32 3.1 Binary Operations on Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2 Commutative Binary Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.3 Associative Binary Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.4 Semigroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.5 The General Associative Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.6 Identity el...