BACKGROUND Osmotic and neural factors stimulate neuroendocrine activity during exercise. In contrast to excitatory mechanisms, afferent information from cardiac mechanoreceptors inhibits integrative centers in the hypothalamus and medula oblongata, which serves to buffer neuroendocrine activity. Orthotopic cardiac transplantation results in the loss of afferent information from cardiac mechanor...

background: searching for factors that reduce the adverse effect of heat stress (hs) on broiler performance has particular importance. objectives: the present study was designed to investigate the influence of dietary melatonin, gamma-amino butyric acid (gaba) and dark period on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler under heat stress condition. methods: a t...

The title compound, C(51)H(78)INO(12), contains a 29-membered ring incorporating amide, lactone and ester groups. It contains a total of 15 stereogenic centres. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming C(8) chains propagating in [100]. A weak intra-molecular O-H⋯O inter-action also occurs.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to quantify the physical exertion during tree planting work and to examine the relationships between exertion, task efficiency, and productivity. METHODS Heart rate (HR) was monitored on 34 tree planters while they worked. HR data was collected for a complete working day on 19 subjects and for shorter periods of time on 15 subjects. Video of work tasks...

Acclimatization to hypoxia has minimal effect on maximal O2 uptake (Vo2 max). Prolonged hypoxia shows reductions in cardiac output (Q), maximal heart rate (HR-max), myocardial beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR) density, and chronotropic response to isoproterenol. This study tested the hypothesis that exercise training (ET), which attenuates beta-AR downregulation, would increase HRmax and Q of acclima...

A burgeoning literature suggests that exercise has a therapeutic benefit in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) and in animal models of PD, especially when animals exercise at high intensity. If exercise is to be prescribed as "first-line" or "add-on" therapy in patients with PD, we must demonstrate its efficacy and dose-response effects through testing phases similar to those used in the testi...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in autonomic control of heart rate (HR) and fitness in a group of elite soccer players during the preseason. METHODS Eight professional male soccer players competing in the Spanish First Division were evaluated in July (wk 1) and September (wk 8) with night-time HR variability (HRV) over 4 different days, ultra-short-term HR recovery (...

In this study we investigated the effects of age factors on physiological responses to deep water running (DWR) compared with those of treadmill running (TMR) while the water and ambient temperatures were kept in thermoneutral conditions. Fourteen young healthy non-smoker males (Age = 20.4 +/- 3.3 years, Height = 170.7 +/- 6.2 cm, Weight = 65.1 +/- 11.4 kg) and fourteen middle aged healthy non-...

BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise appears to have clinical benefits for many asthmatics, yet a complete understanding of the mechanisms underlying these benefits has not been elucidated at this time. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine feasibility for a larger, future study that will define the effect of aerobic exercise on cellular, molecular, and functional measures in adults wit...